A driver charges his NEV at a public charging pole

The popularity of new-energy vehicles makes an important contribution to china’s green development

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Because of the low driving costs and emission level, new-energy vehicles (NEVs) are becoming increasingly popular worldwide.

On the streets of Beijing, NEVs are distinguishable by their six-digit bright green license plates which symbolize green fuel and environmental protection, answering the country’s call to reduce air pollution and save energy. And a quick look around the streets of the capital will see more and more of these unique plates on display as this form of transport gains popularity.

Taking cognizance of this popularity from an increasingly environmentally conscious public, on March 1, National NEV Technology Innovation Center was unveiled in Beijing Economic-Technological Development Area. The center will coordinate the development of the industry supported by the Ministry of Science and Technology and Beijing Municipal Government.

Besides, the cost of a NEV is far lower than a traditional car. “Over a 100-km distance,a NEV consumes less than 10 yuan ($1.6)of Electricity, but it costs over 50 yuan ($8)for a petrol-driven vehicle,” Meng Xiangkun, a salesman of the new energy automaker BYD, told ChinAfrica. In addition, the noise and vibration levels of the motor of a NEV during operation are much lower than those of conventional internal combustion engines. This feature of electric vehicles will undoubtedly help make the vehicles quieter and the ride smoother.

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China has been the world’s largest market for new energy cars for three consecutive years. According to the China Association of Automobile Manufacturers (CAAM),NEV output and sales jumped by 225.5 percent and 200 percent year on year to reach 81,855 and 74,667, respectively, in the first two months of 2018. For 2017, a total of 777,000 NEVs were sold in the Chinese market, up 53.3 percent year on year.

Charged up

年底她刚刚从北京回来就在高速上出了交通事故，一时半会儿找不到熟悉的人帮忙，最后找到周桥前去协商处理，又带她去医院检查身体，然后被带到家里。

Additionally, the car manufacturers have made great achievements in developing batteries that allow a longer range. NEVs with a range of 400 km and above on one charge came into the market this year, which significantly satis fies consumers’ requirement on increasing mileage. To promote the industry, the Chinese Government issued a policy providing subsidies for manufacturers and purchasers, which gives a significant boost to the NEV market. Jiang Wei, who got his NEV license plate at the beginning of this year, plans to buy an electric car priced at 180,000 yuan ($28,500). The Central Government will provide a subsidy of 45,000 yuan ($7,100), while the Beijing Municipal Government will provide another 45,000 yuan, effectively halving the price of the car. He will also bene fit from a ruling that exempts NEVs from purchase tax, which will save him a further 7,500 yuan ($1,190).

“Actually, an electric car is not my first choice. Charging was the first problem which made me hesitant,” Li told ChinAfrica. But the concern was dispelled when the seller set up an electric charging pole in the parking lot of his apartment block. “It is convenient as the car can be fully charged within eight hours when I get back home,” Li added. According to data from the China Electric Vehicle Charging Infrastructure Promotion Alliance, by January 2018, the total number of charging poles in China reached 450,000. Among them, 220,000 are public charging poles.

NEVs refer to vehicles powered by non-traditional fuel, such as electric vehicles. Thanks to favorable government policies, China’s NEV market has seen rapid growth in recent years.

From December 8,2017, NEVs have bright blue license plate with six digits which symbolizes green fuel and environmental protection

Green effects

As China is promoting green development, cities are at the forefront of changes in energy, mobility and consumption. Across regions, cities are experimenting with ways to improve air quality, reduce congestion and provide clean, reliable and affordable energy to their growing populations.

Li Xian, an office worker in Beijing, bought a NEV last year immediately after he received a NEV license plate. In Beijing, those who want to obtain NEVs have to queue up for license plates after they submit application forms.

The electrification of transport supports national and local ambitions for cleaner mobility. Experts believe that the promotion of NEVs is one of the ways for China to realize its goal of reducing carbon emissions per unit of GDP by 60-65 percent by 2030 compared to 2005 levels. The goal was described at the Intended Nationally Determined Contribution China pledged to the UN Framework Convention on Climate Change in June 2015. According to a report issued by the World Economic Forum in February, even without significant changes in the sources of electricity generation - primarily coal, natural gas and renewables -an electric vehicle can still reduce carbon dioxide emissions by 60 percent compared with internal-combustion engines.

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Policy support

Specifically, electric passenger cars with a range of 400 km and above on one charge will receive more subsidies, increasing almost 14 percent from the 2017 level.

Observers noted that the popularity of NEVs is inseparable with Chinese Government’s support and implementation of related policies. The government encourages local governments, public institutions and bus companies to use more NEVs. In the 2018 Report on the Work of the Government delivered by Chinese Premier Li Keqiang,China will support the purchase of NEVs and continue to waive purchase taxes for NEVs during the 2018-20 period to encourage green transportation. Chinese banking authorities also announced new loan policies to allow buyers of NEVs to borrow a larger portion of the purchase price. Starting from 2018, NEV buyers will be able to borrow up to 85 percent of the cost from banks, up from the previous 80 percent.

“The new policy will stimulate greater growth potential and technological improvement in the sector,” said Meng.

Recycling challenge

The government expects NEVs output and sales to hit 2 million annually by 2020,according to a government plan. Though explosive growth of NEVs’ environmental bene fits is clear, it comes with battery recycling challenge.

“If car batteries are not properly handled,they may explode. Acidic substances that are needed to process the batteries are also hazardous to humans and may pollute air and soil,” Zhang Zheming, Assistant Researcher with Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology, told Xinhua News Agency.

由可控源地震学数据分析得出的模型可用地下弹性／非弹性性质（特别是P波速度VP、S波速度VS和密度ρ）表示。将弹性地球模型分解为背景变量（即长波长）和短波长波动（通常被称作反射率，速度和密度的乘积，称为地震波阻抗），可得出可控源地震学的两个主要分支。第一个是广角反射／折射（WARR）法（有时也被称为深地震探测方法），可以提供有关全球构造的信息（该方法的近期历史回顾见Prodehl and Mooney，2012）。第二个是地震勘探的典型手段——所谓的近垂直入射反射法（NVI），它能提供高分辨率的地球反射系数图像。

According to Shenzhen Gaogong Industry Research Co. Ltd., in 2016, there were about 12,000 tons of car batteries that needed recycling, and the figure is expected to jump to 248,000 tons by 2020. In February 2018,Chinese authorities published a guideline on recycling NEV batteries. According to a document jointly released by Ministry of Industry and Information Technology and six other government departments,electric car makers should be responsible for building a recycling network for used batteries and encourages the research of NEV battery recycling along with supporting cooperation between research institutions and industrial entities. ca