更全的杂志信息网

Geochemistry and geochronology of Late Jurassic and Early Cretaceous intrusions related to some Au(Sb)deposits in southern Anhui:a case study and review

更新时间:2016-07-05

1 Introduction

The Jiangnan Orogenic Belt(JOB)is a Neoproterozoic collisional zone that is situated between the Yangtze Block and the Cathaysia Block(Zhao 2015).It spans several provinces,including the provinces of Guangxi,Guizhou,Hunan,Jiangxi,Anhui,and Zhejiang.The total reserve of more than 970 t of Au makes it one of the most important gold producers in southern China(Gu et al.2012;Ni et al.2015;Wang et al.2015;Liu et al.2016;Wen et al.2016;Deng and Wang 2016;Xu et al.2017;Deng et al.2017).Southern Anhui is located at the northeastern part of the JOB.It has not been extensively studied because the Au deposits(or occurrences)found there have been small(reserve lower than 1 t).Despite the lack of large Au deposits,southern Anhui is known to have widespread Au mineralization,indicating a bright Au metallogenic prospect(Wang et al.2013a,b).Recent studies have revealed that some of this mineralization is closely associated with and is considered genetically related to the Late Mesozoic intrusions(Duan et al.2011;Li et al.2014;Nie et al.2017).Examples include the Huashan Au(Sb)deposit(Yang et al.1993a,b;Nie et al.2016,2017;Xiao et al.2017)and the Zhaojialing(Yang et al.2015b),Tianjingshan(Duan et al.2011),Wuxi(Li et al.2014,2015)and Liaojia(Qian et al.2008;Cheng et al.2013)Au deposits(Table 1).However,the tectonic and genetic constraints relating these Mesozoic intrusions to the Au deposits are still unclear.

In this paper,we summarize new findings of Au and Aupolymetallic mineralization,and we discuss the relationship between the Au mineralization and the magmatism presented in southern Anhui.New data from the Huashan Au(Sb)deposit were supplemented by data from previous studies to discuss the genesis of the Au-related intrusions.Finally,we propose a model for the genesis of the magmatism related Au deposits in southern Anhui,in order to guide future mineral exploration.

不仅如此,作为一位演员,巩俐的专业素养也让人佩服。在拍摄《霸王别姬》时,巩俐的姐姐因乳腺癌去世,剧组给了她一天的假期,第二天赶回剧组,是拍一场结婚的戏。巩俐将所有悲痛藏在心里,像什么事情都不曾发生一样,出色地完成了走戏、演绎的过程,回到酒店后,她才一头扎在床上,放声痛哭。

2 Geological setting

Southern China consists of two tectonic blocks,the Yangtze Block and the Cathaysia Block(Fig.1a).The Jiangshan-Shaoxing Fault separates the Yangtze Block and the Cathaysia Block(Zhang et al.2005).It is considered to have the Archean-Paleoproterozoic crystalline basement(e.g.,Kongling and Dongling complexes)surrounded by Mesoproterozoic to Early Neoproterozoic low-grade metamorphic fold belts,which are unconformably overlain by Neoproterozoic Sinian cover(Zhao and Cawood 2012;Zhao 2015).Two Neoproterozoic igneous rock assemblages that formed under arc systems are exposed in the periphery margins of the block,in the western-northern Panxi-Hannan arc and southeastern Jiangnan arc(Zhou et al.2002;Zhao and Cawood 2012;Zhao 2015)(Fig.1a).The Jiangnan arc developed on the southeastern margin of Yangtze Block and subsequently incorporated onto the Jiangnan Orogenic Belt(JOB)asaresult of the Proterozoic collision between the Yangtzeand Cathaysia Blocks(Zhou et al.2002).

The Jiangnan Orogenic Belt(JOB)is located on southeastern margin of the Yangtze Block.It formed during the collision of the Yangtze and the Cathaysia blocks(Zhao 2015;Xu et al.2017).The JOB consists of Early Neoproterozoic(970–825 Ma)greenschist facies metamorphosed volcanic-sedimentary strata,which are intruded by Middle Neoproterozoic (825–815 Ma) peraluminous granites,Middle Neoproterozoic(815–750 Ma)weakly metamorphosed strata, and Late Neoproterozoic(<750 Ma)unmetamorphosed Sinian cover(Fig.1a)(Wang and Mo 1995;Li et al.2003;Wang and Li 2003;Wang et al.2011;Zhao and Cawood 2012;Yao et al.2014;Zhao 2015).Two ophiolite belts outcrop in the Neoproterozoic stratums along the southeastern margin of the belt(Zhao 2015).The JOB containsmore than 250 Au deposits or occurrences,such as the Jinshan Au deposit and the world-class Dexing porphyry Cu-Mo-Au deposit at Jiangxi Province,and the Huangjindong,Mobin,Woxi and Wangu Au–Sb-(W)deposits at Hunan Province(Fig.1a).

It is suggested that the Jiangnan arc had developed on the southeastern margin of the Yangtze Block and subsequently incorporated onto the Jiangnan Orogenic Belt(JOB)as a result of the Proterozoic collision between Yangtze and Cathaysia Blocks(Zhou et al.2002).The existence of Neoproterozoic magmatic arc at the southeastern margin of the Yangtze Block hasbeen supported by much evidence,such as Neoproterozoic ophiolitic assemblages,the arc-geochemical featured Shuangxiwu group(Li et al.2009a,b),and the arc-related metamorphosed volcanic-sedimentary strata at the southeastern margin of the Yangtze Block(Zhao et al.2015).Meanwhile,from late Jurassic to Cretaceous,eastern China was closely associated with the subduction of the Pacific plate(Maruyama et al.1997;Sun et al.2007)and became an active continent margin before the Jurassic(Maruyama et al.1997;Zhou and Li 2000;Sun et al.2007,2010;Liu et al.2010a,b;Deng et al.2016;Ling et al.2009).Therefore,we cannot ruleout thepossibility that the Au-related magmatic rocksin southern Anhui derive arc-magma feature from the Pacific subduction.

The southern Anhui Province is located at the northeast JOB(Fig.1),adjacent to the Lower Yangtze River Belt(LYRB).The basement rocks are the low-grade metamorphic volcanic-sedimentary strata,which can be classified into the Mesoproterozoic Shangxi Group and the Neoproterozoic Likou Group.The upper cover consists of Nanhua system,Sinian,Cambrian,Ordovician and Silurian strata.The Neoproterozoic magmatic rocks distribute in the southern part of southern Anhui and can be divided into earlier marine volcanic rocks and later granites.The Early Cretaceous magmatic rocks form the large granitic batholith,with the intrusive agesat ca.140 Ma and ca.120 Ma.The Au depositsin the region are located near the southern Tianjingshan(Duan et al.2011),Liaojia(Qian et al.2008;Cheng et al.2013),the northern Zhaojialing(Yang et al.2015),and Huashan-Zhaceqiao(Nie et al.2016)(Fig.1b).Some Au deposits show close spatial and temporal association with the ca.140 Ma intrusive rocks(Duan et al.2011;Cheng et al.2013;Shen et al.2016;Nie et al.2017).

3 Geological characteristics of regional Au(-polymetallic)mineralization

3.1 Huashan Au(Sb)deposit(case study in this paper)

The Huashan Au(Sb)deposit is located on the eastern side of the Dongzhi Fault(Fig.1b).From south to north,the Nanhua system-Lower Silurian strata distributed from old to young,including till conglomerate,black shale,black silicalite,argillaceous-striated limestone,and carbonate rocks(Fig.2a).The regional EW-trending tectonic structures control the distributions of the magmatism in the Huashan area.The magmatic rocks are dominated by granodiorite porphyries,with minor granodiorite,quartz diorite and mafic dikes.Phenocrysts of granodiorite porphyries are composed of plagioclase(20 vol.%–40 vol.%),quartz(5 vol.%–10 vol.%),biotite(3 vol.%–5 vol.%)and amphibole(5 vol.%).Matrix consists of quartz(15 vol.%–20 vol.%)and feldspar(20 vol.%–35 vol.%).Accessory minerals(3 vol.%–5 vol.%)are zircon,apatite and pyrite.The granodiorite porphyries have undergone strong alterations which in turn caused the transformations of biotite and plagioclase phenocrysts into kaolinite or sericite pseudomorphs and the existence of melting corrosion structures in some quartz phenocrysts(Fig.3).

Two regional EW-trending fault zones with high–angle dipping cross the ore district(Fig.2b).One is a normal fault and the other is a thrust fault.The normal fault controls the ore bodies.The ore bodies were mainly hosted by a fault fracture zone that cuts the Cambrian strata(e.g.,black shales and silicalite,argillaceous-striated limestone)and alternated granodiorite porphyries.The ore bodies are tabular or strata-bounded in shape,with breccia,and they have a disseminated or massive structure.The ore minerals are antimony,pyrite,and arsenopyrite.Gangue minerals are quartz,sericite,carbonate,and clays.

3.2 Zhaojialing Au deposit

The partial melting of the oceanic plate model is difficult to apply here since the adakitic signature(high Sr/Y and La/Yb ratios)isnot shown on the magmas(Defant and Drummond 1990).Although the existence of garnet has been supported by the(La/Yb)N and(Gd/Yb)N diagram(Fig.10b)(Blundy and Wood 1994;Klein et al.2000;Perterman et al.2013;Heet al.2011),theanomaly of Eu of whole rock(δEu=0.72–0.86)and accessory minerals like zircon(δEu=0.52–0.70)and apatite(δEu=0.48–0.78),and the relatively low Sr/Y(3–5)support that the plagioclase isalso stable in source,which does not correspond to a deep melting and the existence of dense eclogitic lower continental crust.Thus,the magmas are not derived from the thickened or delaminated lower continental crust.

许钧结合自己的翻译活动实践,动态地考察了翻译活动的各个层面,他认为“翻译活动是翻译主体在一定历史条件下和文化背景中通过具体的语言转换而进行的一种目的十分明确的实践活动”。[2]“不同的历史时期,出于不同的动机,对作品的选择也就不同。”[3]他本人的翻译活动也随时代发展从纯粹的“语言转换观”变为“文化交流观”,《不能承受的生命之轻》等在中国的翻译与出版,便是一个充分的例证。

3.3 Wuxi Au deposit

The Wuxi Au(polymetallic)porphyry deposit is located in Jingxian County.It was formed during Cretaceous and is hosted by Silurian siltstone.This deposit contains seven Au mineralized belts,one Ag mineralized belt and one Au metallogenic prospective area.Numerous granite porphyries are exposed in the mining area,which show a close spatial relationship with the mineralization.The tectonic structures are controlled by the regional stress field which caused the formation of many band-like fault zones(Fig.5).The magmatic hydrothermal fluids can emplace along these faults and deposit to form ore bodies.Typical porphyry type alteration can be observed,from the central part to outside,and they are silicification,potassic alteration,phyllic alteration and propylitization.Ore minerals are pyrite,marcasite,arsenopyrite,which have breccia texture and banding and a porphyritic and disseminated structure.The 138 Ma Langqiao granodiorite with NE trending is located at the northern part of mine district,in which numerous granite porphyry veins can be identified.

Fig.1 a Geological map showing the distribution of Precambrian rocks in the Yangtze Block(modified from Zhao 2015);b Map of distribution of magmatic rocks and some of the Au deposit in Southern Anhui Province

3.4 Liaojia Au deposit

The Liaojia Au deposit,a middle-low temperature hydrothermal deposit,is located in northwest Shitang County and Liaojia County(Fig.6)(Qian et al.2008;Cheng et al.2013).The regional compressional tectonic stressfield caused the formation of inverted fold beltsand a series of schistosity zones,which provided ideal ore-containing zones.Magmatism in the mine area are mainly gabbro diorite,granodiorite,and diorite porphyry,distributed along NE and EW trending faults.The ore bodies are hosted in Huansha Group phyllite and are mainly controlled by the NNE-trending Dabeiling fault.Cheng et al.(2013)suggest that the regionally widespread granodiorites belong to I-type granite and have a close relationship with Au mineralization.

谭坦[3]进行了关于废旧橡塑合金改性沥青混合料路用性能及应用的研究。研究表明,橡塑改性沥青具有良好的路用性能,且橡塑改性沥青混合料的高温性能优于橡胶改性沥青混合料,随着改性剂中塑料成分的增加,混合料耐高温性能明显提升;橡塑改性沥青混合料的低温抗裂性与橡胶改性沥青混合料相当,但釆用高掺量塑料成分改性剂时,橡塑改性沥青混合料低温性能有所降低;橡塑共混改性沥青混合料的水稳定性明显优于橡胶改性沥青混合料;研究证明,橡塑改性沥青混合料的性能优良,工程应用表明,橡塑改性沥青混合料的使用效果良好。

4 Analytical methods

4.1 Whole-rock major and trace element analysis

Six granodiorite porphyry samples of Huashan(15HS2-1,15HS2-2,15HS2-3,15HS2-4,15HS2-5,15HS2-6,)were selected and analyzed at Guangzhou ALS Geochemistry Laboratory.The samples were powdered to<200 mesh size using an agate mill.X-ray fluorescence spectrometry(XRF)was used to determine the major elements,with the standard deviations within 5%.Determination of loss of ignition(LOI)was conducted after igniting the sample powders at 1000°C for 1 h.An ignite or calcined sample(0.9 g)was added to 0.9 g of Li2B4O7-LiBO2 between 1050 and 1100°C,mixed well,and fused in an auto fluxer.From the resulting melt,a flat molten glass disk was prepared.An AXIOS Mineral spectrometer was used to analyze the disk by wavelength-dispersive X-ray fluorescence spectrometry(XRF).

Trace elements and REE were determined on an Elan DRC-II instrument(Element,Finnigan MAT)by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry(ICP-MS)analysis of solutions,which were digested in a closed beaker for two-daysin Teflon screw-cap bombsusing amixture of HF and HNO3 acids.The detection limit,which is defined as 3 s of procedural blank,for some elements is as follows(ppm):Th(0.05),Nb(0.2),Hf(0.2),Zr(2),La(0.5)and Ce(0.5).On the basis of replicate analyses of international standard reference material(SRM)and analytical results,the precision and accuracy of the data are better than 5%and 10%for major and trace elements,respectively.

4.2 Zircon U–Pb dating and trace elements

Fig.2 a Structure map of the Huashan-Zhaceqiao deposit(Modified from Nie et al.2016).b Cross-section of the Huashan Au(Sb)deposit

Fig.3 Microphotographs of Huashan granodiorite porphyries,a and b under plane-polarized light,c and d under cross-polarized light.Biotite and plagioclase underwent strong alterations like argillzation and sericitization.(Qtz-quartz,Pl-plagioclase,Bt-biotite,Mus-muscovite)

Zircons were selected from three granodiorite porphyry samples(15HS2,15HS3,15HS4,)using standard density and magnetic separation techniques.The zircon grains were hand-picked for a representative one under a binocular microscope,which was then mounted in epoxy resin and polished to half sections.Cathodoluminescence(CL)image technique was utilized to exam the internal structure of zircons at the CAS Key Laboratory of Crust-Mantle Materials and Environments at the University of Science and Technology of China,Hefei.

In-situ U–Pb dating and trace element analyses of zircons proceeded simultaneously with LA-ICP-MS at the School of Resources and Environmental Engineering,at the Hefei University of Technology.A 4.51 mj/cm-2 power energy of pulsed 193 nm ArF Excimer(COMPex PRO)at a repetition rate of 8 Hz,and a spot diameter of 45μm,coupled to a Agilent 7500 s quadrupole ICP-MS was used for ablation.Helium was used as the carrier gas to enhance the efficiency of the transportation of ablated aerosol.

For isotope analysis,all measurements were conducted with the external standard of zircon 91500,which recommended a 206Pb/238U age of 1065.4±0.6 Ma(Wiedenbeck et al.1995).For trace element analysis,all quantitative results were calibrated to relative element sensitivitiesby using the NIST-610 astheexternal standard and zircon SiO2 as the internal standard.The standards were analyzed for every 10 analysis.The precision of simultaneous NIST-610 analyses for REE,Sr,Nb,Ta,Th and Uareat theppm level,and for Mn,P,Ti are better than 5%.The detection limit for REEs varies from 0.02 to 0.09 ppm.The detailed analytical procedure was described by Zong et al.(2010).Off-line selection,integration of analysis signals,background time-drift correction,trace element analyses,and U–Pb dating quantitative calibration was all performed with ICPMS Data Cal(Liu et al.2008,2010b).Isoplot/Ex_ver3(Ludwig 2003)was utilized to make concordia diagrams and weighted mean calculations.

Fig.4 Sketch map of the Zhaojialing Au deposit(Modified from Yang et al.2015)

4.3 Zircon Lu–Hf isotopes

The in situ Lu–Hf isotopes analyses were conducted at the laboratory of the Tianjin Institute of Geology and Mineral Resource,Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences.The Lu–Hf isotopes were measured by a NEPTUNE multiplecollector inductively couple plasma mass spectator,quipped with NEW WAVE 193 nm laser-ablation system.A 10–11 mj/cm2 power energy repetition rate of 8–10 Hz and a spot diameter of 55μm was used for ablation.The ablated materials were transferred into MC-ICP-MS by purified He gas.Detailed introduction of the analyses method and isotope fractionation correction are described by Geng et al.(2011).Off-line date processing was conducted by ICPMSDataCal(Liu et al.2010b).

标志物的选择是检测淋巴结微转移的关键,良好的标志物可增加微转移检测的灵敏度。针对肿瘤检测的标志物主要有两类:(1)肿瘤特异性标志物,指肿瘤细胞所特有的抗原或基因,特异性强,但由于大多数实体瘤缺乏特异性肿瘤标志物,因而在临床上实际应用较困难;(2)组织特异性标志物,指肿瘤细胞的某种成分或表达产物在不同组织中有差异分布,通过检测某些上皮或肿瘤相关的表达作为判断癌细胞存在的依据,敏感性高,有一定的特异性,且可以被稳定的检测到,易在临床上广泛应用。

To calculateεHf(t),parameters likeλ=1.865×10-11 year-1, (176Hf/177Hf)CHUR.0=0.282772 and(176Lu/177Hf)CHUR=0.0332 are adopted(Blichert-Toft and Albarede 1997). (176Hf/177Hf)DM=0.28325 and(176Lu/177Hf)DM=0.0384 are used as the parameters to calculate Hf model age(Vervoort and Blichert-Toft 1999).

4.4 Apatite composition

Zircons were selected from three relatively fresh granodiorite porphyry samples(15HS2,15HS3,15HS4,).The methods used to separate and purify apatite are similar to that used with zircons.The selected apatite were mounted in epoxy resin and polished into half sections,then pictured under transmitted and reflected light.Major and trace elements of apatite were determined by Shimadzu EPMA 1600 electron microprobe and LA-ICP-MS respectively,at the CAS Key Laboratory of Crust and Mantle Materials and Environments at the University of Science and Technology of China.

For major elements,the EPMA analyses were conducted under an accelerating voltage of 15 kV,a low beam current(15 nA),and a defocused beam(5μm).A suite of mineral standards and oxide standards from the American Standard Committee were used as calibration.For trace elements,the spot size of the laser beam was 30μm.Two silicate glass reference materials(NIST SRM610,NIST SRM612)were used as calibration,and Ca was used as the internal standard(Danyushevsky et al.2003;Pearce et al.2010).The details of the procedure were described by Danyushevsky et al.(2003),Zhang et al.(2011),Flem and Bédard(2010).

制造任务耦合均衡性表达了各种同级别制造任务之间关联信息的程度,参考文献[21]提出的活动单元关联任务控制数目的计算方法,本文将制造任务耦合均衡度表示为

这一天,我们看见周小羽没有去学校。我们问周小羽为什么不去学校时,他什么话也没有说,他只是将左手插在右手的袖管里,右手插在左手的袖管里,这样的姿势像极了站在村口老樟树下的那些上了年纪的人。这时的周小羽目光呆滞,面无表情,似乎我们说的他什么也没有听见。这个目无尊长的孩子啊!让我们岭北人越来越看不惯了。

5 Results

The chemical compositions of the magmatic rocks from the Huashan area are listed in Supplement Table 1.

此次项目建造成本约为3776元/m2,低于传统方式建造同等规模的木构民居(根据当地调研,建造成本约为5081元/ m2)。虽高于我国目前乡镇住宅平均造价(1776.6元/ m2 [7]72),但其生产、建造、装修一体化的特点,节约了居民二次装修的资金及人力,同时各种节能措施改善了居住舒适性,也节省了后期运营费用。加之大规模建造必然会带来生产运输成本的降低,而未来工程木材国产化的不断努力,也会进一步推动现代木结构在中国的普及。因此现代木结构在造价方面依然具有一定的竞争优势。

5.1 Whole rock major and trace element analysis

The Lu–Hf isotopic data of Huashan granodiorite porphyries are listed in Supplement Table 4.The 176Lu/177Hf ratios of most zircons are lower than 0.002,indicating the low radiogenic Hf accumulation after formation of zircons.Thus,the 176Hf/177Hf ratios can represent the origin Hf composition of the studied zircons(Amelin et al.1999;Wu et al.2007).

Finally,we propose a multiple-stage genetic model that explains the intrusion-related Au and Au-polymetallic deposits in southern Anhui(Fig.19):

Fig.5 Sketch map of the Wuxi Au deposit(Modified from Li et al.2015)

5.1.2 Trace elements

The Huashan granodiorite porphyries have relatively low contents of REEs(ΣREE is about 101.7–127.4 ppm).The patterns of REE(Fig.9a)exhibit moderate enrichment of LREEs relative to HREEs,and (La/Yb)N is high(14.4–18.2),in which slightly negative Eu anomalies can be observed(δEu=0.72–0.86).The REE patterns are similar with other synchronous granites nearby(Song et al.2014;Shen et al.2016).

The patterns of trace elements of Huashan igneous are similar with those of other synchronous magmas in southern Anhui(Fig.9b),except for thestrong depletion of Sr.Previous studies show a slightly positive anomaly of Sr(Song et al.2014;Shen et al.2016),which implies that the depletion of Sr in Huashan magmatic rocks could be the result of strong alteration.The enrichments in LREEs(U)and depletions in HFSEs(Nb,P,Ti,Y)can be interpreted by the involvement of continental crust materials(Condie 1982).The partial melting process is supported by the Ta–Ta/Sm diagram(Fig.10a).

Fig.6 Sketch map of the Liaojia Au deposit(Modified from Cheng et al.2013)

5.2 Zircon U–Pb dating and trace elements

Three samples of Huashan granodiorite porphyries(15HS02,15HS03 and 15HS04)are used to select zircons for experiments.These zircons are generally euhedral,prismatic,transparent,and colorless.Cathodoluminescence(CL)images show clear micro-scale oscillatory zones of zircons(Fig.11),indicating a magmatic origin.Few inherent cores can be identified,and some of these cores have oscillatory zones(Fig.11).

The zircon LA-ICP-MS U–Pb analysis results of the Huashan magmas are listed in Supplement Table 2(only the data with concordant degree above 90%were used).Zircons from 15HS02 showing high concordance yield weighted average age of 145.9±2.0 Ma(Fig.12b).However,most zircons from 15HS03 and 15HS04 show low concordant degree,and few data can be used(Fig.12c and d).The average age of 15HS03 and 15HS04 are 148.3±9.5 Ma and 144±11 Ma,respectively.The 206Pb/238U age of inherited cores in all samples ranges from 790 to 900 Ma,with an average of about 803±29 Ma(Fig.12a).The cores with planer and oscillatory zonal structure have Th/U ratios of about 0.5–0.6,while the cores without zonal structures have Th/U ratios of about 0.3,suggesting a magmatic origin and a metamorphic process,respectively.Furthermore,the age of the Neoproterozoic magmas in the northeast JOB are similar with those of the inherent zircons in the Huashan area(Wu et al.2006;Zheng et al.2003,2008),implying the assimilation of the Neoproterozoic magmatic basement during the generation or migration processes of Huashan magma.

The trace elements of zircons of Huashan magmas are shown in Supplement Table 3.The zircons have relatively high contents of REE(ΣREE of young and inherent cores are 3088–5051 ppm and 4909–9571 ppm,respectively),with enrichment of HREE and depletion of LREE.The young zircons(144–148 Ma)have relatively strong positive anomaly of Ce and slightly negative anomaly of Eu(δEu=0.52–0.70),suggesting a high oxidized state of Huashan granodiorite porphyries(Fig.13).

5.3 Zircon Lu–Hf isotopes

5.1.1 Major elements

Fig.7 Classification diagram of ore-related magmatic rocks in southern Anhui.a QAP diagram of ore-related magmatic rocks in southern Anhui.After Streckeisen(1976);b K 2O–SiO2 diagram of ore-related magmatic rocks in southern Anhui.Solid lineis from Peccerillo and Taylor(1976),dashed line is from Middlemost(1985).c FeO/(FeO+MgO)versus SiO2 plot,after Frost et al.(2001);d P2O5 versus SiO2 plot,after Chappell et al.(1999).Data sources:Shen et al.(2016),Li et al.(2015),Song et al.(2014),Yang et al.(2015)

The εHf(t)values of the 144–148 Ma aged zircons and inherited zircon coresrange from-11.48 to 1.08 and 5.51 to 12.69,respectively.The two stage Hf model age(tDM2)of Mesozoic zircons and inherited zircon cores are 1130–1928 Ma and 903–1360 Ma,respectively(Fig.14).

5.4 Apatite composition

The major and trace elements of apatite from Huashan granodiorite porphyries are shown in Supplement Table 5.These apatites have 54.67%–56.84%CaO and 42.12%–43%P2O5.The apatites have high contents of F(2.17%–4.05%),which vary between those of sedimentary apatite(~ 2.21%)and volcanic apatite(~ 4.06%)(Wang,1987),but they have low contents of Cl(0.08%–0.54%).The ΣREE and δEu values range from 1311 to 3992 ppm and 0.48 to 0.78,respectively(Fig.15).

6 Discussion

6.1 Constraints on the origin of the Au-related magmatism

As the Au-related magmatic rocks are altered more or less,their mobile element contents such as K,Na,Rb,and Sr could actually be affected by the hydrothermal alteration(Hastie et al.2007).In diagrams(Fig.16),there are some correlations between LOIand mobile element contents for the Au-related magmatic rocks.The K2O(Fig.16a)contents show negative correlation to the LOI contents while Na2O(Fig.16b)contents show positive correlation to the LOI contents,implying different degrees of alternation,such as albitization.For the magmatic rock from the certain area,the K2O(Fig.16a)contents of these rocks do not vary much,suggesting that the K2O-SiO2 can be used here.However,the total alkali contents of these rocks show strong negative correlation with LOI,and the variation is large(Fig.16c).Therefore,the TAS diagram is not suitable to be used here,so we used the QAP diagram(Fig.7a)instead.The CaO(Fig.16d)contents show positive correlation with LOI,indicating the effect of carbonatization.Besides,the correlations between mobile trace elements and the LOI are also obvious(Fig.16e and f),implying that these elements are not reliable enough to be used to discuss the formation of Au-related magmatic rocks.Thus,we mainly use the immobile elements to discuss the genesis of the magmatism.

Fig.8 Harker diagram of Au-related magmatic rocks in southern Anhui

Fig.9 a Rare earth element patterns(normalized by chondrite);b Trace element spider diagrams(normalized by N-MORB).Data sources:Li et al.(2015),Shen et al.(2016),Song et al.(2014)

Fig.10 a Ta–Ta/Sm diagram.b(La/Yb)N-(Gd/Yb)N diagram.Data sources:Shen et al.(2016),Li et al.(2015),Song et al.(2014),Yang et al.(2015)

Fig.11 Representative zircon CL images with U–Pb age and εHf(t)values for Huashan granodiorite porphyries

In eastern China,the strong association between the Late Jurassic-Early Cretaceous magmatism and mineralization has been reported by numerous studies(Chen et al.2005;Sun et al.2003;Mao et al.2003,2005;Li et al.2010a,b;Xie et al.2015,2016,2017a,b;Xu et al.2012,2014a;Yang et al.2017;Wu et al.2017;Fan et al.2017;Hu et al.2017;Gu et al.2017a).However,the forming mechanism of the ore-related magmatism is still controversial.Subduction-related and intracontinental models were proposed,including partial melting of thickened or delaminated lower continental crust by basaltic underplating(Wang et al.2004,2006,2007),fractional crystallization from mantle-derived basaltic magmas(Li et al.2009a,b,2013),partial melting of subducted paleo-Pacific Plate(Ling et al.2009;Liu et al.2010a,b;Sun et al.2010;Gu et al.2017b),mixing of mantle-and crustalderived magmas(Wang et al.2003;Xie et al.2009;Chen et al.2016),partial melting of Neoproterozoic crustal rocks(Yang and Zhang 2012;Song et al.2014),and remelting of Neoproterozoic subduction-modified lithosphere mantle(Wang et al.2015).

2.10.1 灌胃溶液的配制 取Lut、Lut-SD和Lut- PC-SD适量,用0.5% CMC-Na溶液配制成5.0 mg/mL的混悬液(以Lut含量计)。

The Au-related magmatic rocks in southern Anhui mainly formed during 138–148 Ma(Fig.17).However,no synchronous basaltic rock has been found here.The basaltic igneous rocks consisting of gabbros and alkali volcanic rocks from the nearby LYRB were formed at 131–125 Ma(Zhou et al.2008),which are younger than the Au-related magmatic rocks in southern Anhui.Furthermore,the relatively low contents of MgO(approximately 1 wt.%)suggest that the magmas are not mantlederived.Therefore,the fractional crystallization from mantle-derived basaltic magma model and the remelting of Neoproterozoic subduction-modified lithosphere mantle model can be excluded.

The Zhaojialing Au deposit islocated on the eastern side of the Dongzhi fault.It consists of the Changling,Zhaojialing and Yangjiashan Au ore sections(Fig.4).The ore bodies are mainly occurred in the EW trending faults and their secondary fault zones,and they are hosted by Xiuning and Dengjia Group sandstone.Ore minerals are hematite,magnetite,pyrite,arsenopyrite and nature gold,which are characterized by medium-coarse grained texture,fragmental porphyritic texture,and disseminated structure.Two different types of mineralization can be identified.First,high sulphidation type deposits in earlier shear zone and extensional fracture zone are present,where gold is hosted in auriferous quartz vein.It is characterized by strong silicification and sericitization,and nature gold granule can be observed.Second,low sulphidation type deposits controlled by lithology and alteration are also present,whereno obviousfracture zonecan beobserved.It is characterized by alterations like carbonatization,sericitization and pyritization.

The lower crustal cumulates residual formed during ancient subduction can contain small amounts of chalcophile and siderophile element-rich sulfides and act as a metal source for Au-rich magmas during later remelting(Richards 2009;Lee et al.2012).The link between the ancient subduction and the post-subduction ore deposits have already been identified in the world,such as in the southwestern Pacific area near North America(Solomon 1990;Core et al.2006;Shafiei et al.2009;Pettke et al.2010),and in the north China Craton (Sun et al.2007,2013a;Zhu et al.2015).

Fig.12 Concordia diagrams of zircons from Huashan granodiorite porphyries(inherited zircons,15HS02,15HS04 and 15HS03)

The zircons of Huashan granodiorite porphyries have εHf(t)values ranging from-11.48 to 1.08,first stage model ages(tDM1)ranging from 765 to 1638 Ma(with centralized valuesfrom 800 to 1000 Ma),and second stage model ages(tDM2)ranging from 1130 to 1928 Ma.The 790–900 Ma inherited zircon cores show an oscillatory zone(Fig.11)and haveεHf(t)and tDM2 values ranging from 5.51 to 12.69 and 903 to 1360 Ma,respectively,which indicate a Neoproterozoic magmatic origin.Besides,the existence of quantitative inherited magmatic zircons with Neoproterozoic age in southern Anhuiis also reported by other research(Yang and Zhang 2012;Xu et al.2014b),which indicates that the Neoproterozoic magmatic rocks could contribute to the magmas,either as source material or through contamination(Yang and Zhang 2012;Song et al.2014).The zircon Lu–Hf isotopic characteristics of Huashan and those of Wuxiarecomparable(Fig.14a).The zircons from Huashan and Wuxi intrusions plot in the evolution direction of Neoproterozoic magmatic rocks in the northeast JOB(Fig.14a).Based on the Sr–Nd–Pb isotopic data,the~140 Ma magmas in southern Anhui are proposed to derived from lithosphere mantle(He 2013)or lower Yangtze crust(Song et al.2014),and are contaminated with upper crust materials(e.g.,Shangxi Group,Likou Group volcanic rocks in southern Anhui and volcanic rocks in northwest Zhejiang Province(Wu et al.2006;Wang et al.2012;Xu 1994).These results indicate that the intrusion have a relatively young source,which is different from the Archean-Paleoproterozoic crystalline basement in the central part of the Yangtze Block.

Fig.13 Diagrams of rare earth elements in zircons.a REE patterns of zircons;b Ce4+/Ce3+ratios versus Eu/Eu*oxygen fugacity discrimination diagram.The data of ore bearing and barren rocks in Chile are referred from Ballard et al.(2002);The Dexing orebearing rocks data referred from Zhang et al.(2013);Wuxidata from Liet al.(2014,2015)

During the Jurassic-Cretaceousperiod,thesubduction of the Paleo-Pacific Plate affected tectonic stress field in eastern China(Xie et al.2007,2008,2011a;Zhou et al.2008;Li et al.2015).It reactivated the pre-existing faults(e.g.,Jiangnan Deep Fault)(He et al.2010;Zhou et al.2006)and caused the upwelling and decompression melting of mantle,forming the basaltic melts.The basaltic mantle-derived melts typically stall at the base of the lower crust due to density contrasts(Hildreth and Moorbath 1988).In a MASH(melting,assimilating,storage,and homogenization)process(Hildreth and Moorbath 1988),heat released from the basaltic melts can cause partial melting of crustal rocks.The mixing and differentiation of these melts form hybrid,intermediate-composition magmas with low enough density that they can ascend through upper crust(Richards 2009).In our study,the Au-related magmatism probably formed through this process.

6.2 The arc-magma feature and oxidized magma source

According to the tectonic discrimination diagram proposed by Pearce et al.(1984),the Au-related magmatic rocks in the study area plot in the areas of VAG and syn-COLG(Fig.18a,b and c).In the YbN-(La/Yb)N diagram,the magmatic rocks plot in the area of normal arc island rock(Fig.18d).Furthermore,the relatively high contents of Th,U,and REE but the low content of Nb,Ta,and Ti suggest that the magmatic rockshave typical geochemical affinities of arc magma.

有人敲门,呼伦跑过去开,见丈母娘蔫头蔫脑地缩在门口,肩上仍然背着她的粗布包,那一刻呼伦既有冲上去拥抱丈母娘又有一拳将丈母娘打翻在地的冲动。急忙唤来云梦,云梦竟然又蹦又跳,嘴里咯咯答脆笑不止。呼伦把丈母娘往屋子里让,又伸出手想接过丈母娘的背包,想不到丈母娘后退一步,说,我就不进屋了。

Thus,we suppose that the arc-like characteristics of magmas are both likely inherited from the juvenile lithosphere formed by the Neoproterozoic subduction between the Yangtze and Cathaysia blocks(Wang et al.2015)and caused by the subduction of Pacific plate.

It has been widely accepted that the fluids/melts with high oxygen fugacity are beneficial to the Cu-Au mineralization(Mungall 2002;Audétaet al.2004;Oyarzun et al.2001;Ballard et al.2002;Mungall 2002;Kelley and Cottrell 2009; Lee et al. 2012; Sun et al.2011,2013b,2015,2017).Because the chalcophile elements(Cu and Au)are highly compatible in magmatic sulfide phases while incompatible in silicate and oxide minerals(Ballard et al.2002).Thus,the removal of chalcophile elements from the mantle can only happen in oxidized conditions where the sulfate phases are dominant(Ballard et al.2002;Mungall 2002).The redox state(represented by oxygen fugacity)of a magmatic rock can be measured by the contents of multiple valence trace elements in the refractory accessory minerals like zircon and apatite(Trail et al.2012;Ballard et al.2002;Miles et al.2014).Here,we use the zircon Ce4+/Ce3+and EuN/EuN*values to evaluate the mineralization potential of the Au ore-related magmas in the study area(Supplement Table 4).The Ce4+/Ce3+and EuN/EuN*ratio of Huashan and Wuxi granodiorite porphyries are projected in the area defined by ore-related oxidized magmas in Chile and Dexing(Fig.13b),indicating an oxidized feature of the granodiorite porphyries.In REE patterns of apatites(Fig.15),a slightly Eu negative anomaly(δEu ranging from 0.48 to 0.78)also suggests a relatively high oxygen fugacity of the magmas.

1.4 统计学处理 采用 SPSS 16.0 软件进行统计学分析。呈正态分布的计量资料采用 ±s 表示,吻合模拟训练前后数据的比较采用配对样本 t 检验,机器人手术与腹腔镜手术吻合时间的比较采用两独立样本 t 检验。呈偏态分布的计量资料采用中位数(范围)表示,吻合模拟训练前后数据的比较采用Wilcoxon 符号秩检验。检验水准(α)为 0.05。

Fig.14 Zircon Lu–Hf isotopic compositions.a The εHf(t)versus age diagram.b Histogram of Hf two stage model age.Data sources:Li et al.(2015),Song et al.(2014),Yang et al.(2012),Wu et al.(2006),Zheng et al.(2008)

Fig.15 Rare Earth Element patterns of apatite.The Wuxi apatite data referred from Li et al.(2015)

6.3 Implication for Au mineralization

The ages of Huashan granodiorite porphyries(zircon U–Pb ages of 144–148 Ma)are corresponding to the mineralization age(39Ar/40Ar ore-stage sericite ages of ca.142 Ma)(Nie et al.2017),indicating that both porphyry emplacement and Au mineralization occurred simultaneously.In addition,the H–O isotopic data of fluid inclusions in quartz indicates that magmatic water has been involved in the mineralization process(Nie et al.2017;Ji 1991).Furthermore,the existence of hidden intrusions in the Huashan area is supported by the annular magnetic anomaly(Nie et al.2013).Therefore,the granodiorite porphyries have a close relationship with the Au mineralization.

2.1 课前方案设计 “讲什么、怎么讲”是课前设计方案中的主要内容。设计前一定要依据大纲“吃透”教材内容,这样才能很好地掌握全局,进而设计好每一节课。在课程设计时,不要拘泥于教材的内容调整安排,可以根据自己的想法进行前后内容调整或重新整合,让课程内容根据教师的思路和学生基础实际进行安排,这样的课程设计才能保证内容循序渐进、环环相扣,进而做到一气呵成,以期取到最好的效果。方案设计包括导学文案设计、视频录制、习题自测等。生物化学的翻转课堂教学模式如图1所示。

Therefore,the partial melting of Neoproterozoic crustal rocks model and the mixing of mantle-and crustal-derived magmas model are supported.Here,we prefer the latter since it has been widely supported that the crust-mantle interaction played an important role during the formation of Late Jurassic to Early Cretaceous ore-bearing magmatism in eastern China(Zhou et al.2008;Xie et al.2009,2011b,c,2012;Wang et al.2015).The mantle derived high-Mg magmatic rocks with Late Mesozoic age are reported in both Jiangnan Orogen and the northern adjacent Lower Yangtze River Belt(Liu et al.2010a,b;Wang et al.2015).

As mentioned before,during Proterozoic era,the existence of oceanic subduction between the Yangtze and Cathaysia blocks has been widely accepted(Li et al.2009a,b;Zhou et al.2009;Zhao 2015).The volcanogenic massive sulfide(VMS)type Pingshui Cu deposit and VMS type Tieshajie Cu deposit(Wang et al.2015)in the southeast margin of the Yangtze Block support the Cu(Au)enrichment during the Neoproterozoic subduction(Li et al.2009a,b;Zhang et al.2009).In the latest study,the finding of Au(Cu)-rich lower continental xenoliths proves that the lithosphere beneath the southwestern margin of the Yangtze Block is Au(Cu)fertilized(Hou et al.2017).In southern Anhui,in the southeastern margin of the Yangtze Block,the same scenario could also exist,suggesting that the fertilized lithosphere could be the potential metal source for the Au deposits.

Fig.16 Correlations between contents of mobile elements(K 2O,Na2O,Na2O+K2O,CaO,Sr and Rb)and LOI

Liang(1992)systematically analyzed the compositions of the Proterozoic-Cambrian stratums in Southern Anhui and suggested that the Shangxi,JingTan,Xiuning,Leigongwu and Lantian groups have relatively high contents of Au.Zhang(1999)posited that the Precambrian strata in Huashan area have elevated contents of Sb.In particular,the Sb contents in the Cambrian Huangboling Group are ninety times higher than the Clark value.Yang(1993a)studied the syn-sedimentary exogenic pyrites of Mesoproterozoic strata in southern Anhui and revealed that the pyrite has high contents of Au,Sb,and Asin the core while low contents of those in the edge.The hydrothermal metasomatism could be the potential reason for the heterogeneous distributions of the elements in the pyrites,which could bring the elementsout of the pyrite and enrich them to form the Au(-polymetallic)deposits.Therefore,we can speculate that,in addition to Late Jurassic-Early Cretaceous magmatism,the Au-and Sb-bearing strata are the other possible providers of ore-forming metals for the deposits in the study area.

The Huashan granodiorite porphyries have a relatively high content of SiO2 (69.4 wt%–70.6 wt%) and LOI(6.14 wt%–6.59 wt%),which implies that the magmas underwent strong alterations.Relatively low content of Na2O (0.05 wt%),CaO (2.09 wt%–2.36 wt%),MgO(1.54 wt%–1.78 wt%)and K2O (4.33 wt%–4.58 wt%)can be identified.The magmatic rocks are classified into quartz-monzonite and quartz-rich granitoid on the QAF diagram(Fig.7a)and belong to the calc-alkaline and high-K calc-alkaline series on the SiO2–K2O diagram(Fig.7b).Relatively high content of SiO2 could be caused by the strong alteration.In the granite discrimination diagram,the magmatic rocks are characterized as I-type granite affinities,corresponding with previous studies(Fig.7c,d).In Harker diagrams(Fig.8),the contents of Al2O3,TFe2O3,P2O5,and TiO2 have negative correlations with those of SiO2(Fig.8),supporting the existence of a fractional crystallization process involving the separation of plagioclase,biotite and accessory minerals.

Stage 1 During the Proterozoic oceanic subduction between Yangtze and Cathaysia blocks,the lithosphere beneath southern Anhui was produced and fertilized with Au and other economically important elements.These elements are preserved in the lithosphere(Fig.19a).

Fig.17 Chronological histogram of U–Pb agesobtained in thisstudy and from the literature

Stage2 In the Mesozoic era,the subduction of the paleo-Pacific Plate beneath eastern China caused the partial melting of the Au-rich lithosphere in southern Anhui,forming the primary magma.The primary magmas then underwent fractional crystallization and crustal assimilation.Finally,the Au-related magmatic rocks that we have observed in southern Anhui were formed.

《通知》强调,乡村就业创业促进行动要坚持自主就业创业,坚持人才优先培养,坚持特色产业带动,坚持产业融合发展。一是培育主体促进就业创业,二是打造园区促进就业创业,三是发展特色产业促进就业创业,四是推动产业融合促进就业创业。

Stage 3 The hydrothermal fluids derived from the magmas have relatively high contents of Au.The emplaced magma acted as a heat engine to drive the circulation of hydrothermal fluids,which further extracted elements of economic interest from the surrounding successions.The fluids ascended along passageways such as fault zones and formed deposits where conditions were favorable(Fig.19b).

Fig.18 Tectonic discrimination diagrams of Au-related magmatic rocks in southern Anhui.a Y-Nb discrimination diagram;b Y-Ta discrimination diagram;c Hf–Ta*3-Rb/30 discrimination diagram;d YbN-(La/Yb)N discrimination diagram.WPG within plate granites,VAG volcanic arc granites,ORG ocean ridge granites,syn-COLG syn-collision granites(after Pearceet al.(1984)and Defant and Drummond.(1990)).Data sources:Li et al.(2015),Song et al.(2014)

Fig.19 Schematic cross section from Asthenosphere to Crust.a Formation of fertilized subduction modified lower crust(modified from Wang et al.(2015)and Zhao et al.(2015));b Formation of Au-related magmatism in southern Anhui

7 Conclusions

Based on geochemical and geochronological data from the Huashan Au(Sb)deposits,as well as a database from previous studies, this study draws three primary conclusions:

(1) Au-related magmas in southern Anhui were emplaced during the Late Jurassic and Early Cretaceous periods(138–148 Ma).

(2) Au-related magmas are characterized by arc-magma features and high oxygen fugacity and are rich in inherited zircons.

(3) Zircon U–Pb ages and zircon Lu–Hf isotopes suggest that Proterozoic juvenile lithosphere was the main source of Au-related magmas in southern Anhui.

Acknowledgements This study is supported by the National Key R&D Program of China(No.2016YFC0600404),the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.41372087,41673040,41174043),and the Project of Geological Science and Technology of Anhui Province(2014-K-04,2016-K-1).We wish to thank Dr.Fangyue Wang for his assistance during the zircon U–Pb dating analyses and Dr.Lei Liu for his help on the zircon Lu–Hf analyses.

References

Amelin Y,Lee DC,Halliday AN,Pidgeon RT(1999)Nature of the Earth’s earliest crust from hafnium isotopes in singledetrital zircons.Nature 399(6733):1497–1503

Audéta A,Pettke T,DolejšD(2004)Magmatic anhydrite and calcite in the ore-forming quartz-monzodiorite magma at Santa Rita,New Mexico(USA):genetic constraints on porphyry-Cu mineralization.Lithos 72(3):147–161

Ballard JR,Palin MJ,Campbell IH(2002)Relative oxidation states of magmas inferred from Ce(IV)/Ce(III)in zircon:application to porphyry copper deposits of northern Chile.Contrib Miner Petrol 144(3):347–364

Blichert-Toft J,Albarede F(1997)The Lu-Hf isotope geochemistry of chondrites and the evolution of the mantle-crust system.Earth Planet Sci Lett 148(1–2):243–258

Blundy J,Wood B(1994)Prediction of crystal–melt partition coefficients from elasticmoduli.Nature 35(6):1126–1157

Chappell BW(1999)Aluminium saturation in I-and S-type granites and the characterization of fractionated haplogranites.Lithos 46(3):535–551

Chen JF,Yu G,Yang G,Yang SH(2005)A geochronological framework of late Mesozoic magmatism and metallogenesis in the lower Yangtze vally,Anhui province.Geol Anhui 15(3):161–169(in Chinese with English abstract)

Chen JC,Chen B,Li Z,Wang ZQ(2016)Important role of magma mixing in generating the Mesozoic monzodioritic-granodioritic intrusions related to Cu mineralization,Tongling,East China:evidence from petrological and in-situ Sr-Hf isotopic data.Lithos 248:80–93

Cheng JH,Zhi LG,Rang HA,She FT(2013)Geological features and ore genesis of the liaojia gold deposits.Gansu Metall 35(4):81–84(in Chinese with English abstract)

Condie KC(1982)Plate tectonics and crustal evolution.Pergamon Press,New York,p 310

Core DP,Kesler SE,Essene EJ(2006)Unusually Cu-rich magmas associated with giant porphyry copper deposits:evidence from Bingham,Utah.Geology 34:41–44

Danyushevsky L,Robinson P,Mcgoldrick P,Large R,Gilbert S(2003)LA-ICPMS of sulphides:evaluation of an XRFglass disc standard for analysis of different sulphide matrixes.Geochmica Et Cosmochimica Acta 67(18):A73

Defant MJ,Drummond MS(1990)Derivation of some modern arc magmas by melting of young subducted lithosphere.Nature 347(6294):662–665

Deng J,Wang QF(2016)Gold mineralization in China:metallogenic provinces,deposit types and tectonic framework.Gondwana Res 36:219–274

Deng JH,Yang XY,Li S,Gu HL,Mastoi AS,Sun WD(2016)Partial melting of subducted paleo-Pacific plate during the Early Cretaceous:constraint from adakitic rocks in the Shaxi porphyry Cu-Au deposit,Lower Yangtze River Belt.Lithos 262:651–667 Deng T,Xu DR,Chi GX,Wang ZL,Jiao QQ,Ning JT,Dong GJ,Zou FH(2017)Geology,geochronology,geochemistry and ore genesis of the Wangu gold deposit in northeastern Hunan Province,Jiangnan Orogen,South China.Ore Geol Rev 88:617–637

Duan LA,Yang XY,Sun WD(2011)Geochemical charateristics and prospecting in the Tianjingshan gold deposit,south Anhui.Acta Geol Sin 85(6):965–978(in Chinese with English abstract)

Duan LA,Yang XY,Wang FY,Deng JH,Sun WD(2012)Geochemistry and zircon U-Pb age of ore-bearing porphyry in the Paodaoling gold deposit in Guichi,Middle-Lower Yangtze metallogenic belt.Acta Petrologica Sin 28(10):3241–3254(in Chinese with English abstract)

Fan Y,Chen XF,Liu YN,Zhang W,Zhou TF(2017)Petrogenesis and metallogenic implications for the Machang-,Huangdaoshan and Tuncang plutons in eastern Anhui:an integrated age,petrologic and geochemical study.In:International Geology Review(in press)

Flem B,Bédard LP(2010)Determination of trace elements in BCS CRM 313/1(BAS)and NIST SRM 1830 by inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry and instrumental neutron activation analysis.Geostand Geoanal Res 26(3):287–300

Frost BR,Baranes CG,Collins WJ,Arculus RJ,Ellis DJ,Frost CD(2001)A geochemical classification for granitic rocks.J Petrol 42(11):2033–2048

Geng JZ,Li HK,Zhang J,Zhou HY,Li HM(2011)Zircon Hf isotope analysis by means of LA-MS-ICP-MS.Geol Bull China 30(10):1508–1513(in Chinese with English abstract)

Gu XX,Zhang YM,Schulz O,Vavtar F,Liu JM,Zheng MH,Zheng L(2012)The Woxi W-Sb–Au deposit in Hunan,South China:an example of Late Proterozoic sedimentary exhalative(SEDEX)mineralization.JAsian Earth Sci 57(6):54–75

Gu HL,Yang XY,Nie ZX,Deng JH,Duan LA,Hu Shakoor MS,Hu Q,Gao EG(2017a)Study of late-mesozoic magmatic rocks and their related copper-gold-polymetallic deposits in the Guichi orecluster district.Lower Yangtze River Metallogenic Belt,East China:International Geology Review,https://doi.org/10.1080/00206814.2017.1422442

Gu HL,Yang XY,Deng JH,Duan LA,Liu L(2017b)Geochemical and zircon U-Pb geochronological study of the Yangshan A-type granite:insights into the geological evolution in south Anhui,eastern Jiangnan Orogen.Lithos 284–285:156–170

Hastie AR,Kerr AC,Pearce JA,Mitchell SF(2007)Classification of altered volcanic island arc rocks using immobile trace elements:development of the Th-Co discrimination diagram.J Petrol 48:2341–2357

He M(2013)Geological-geochemical characteristics and genesis of magmatic rocks in Zhaojikou,Dongzhi,Anhui province[Master thesis]:Hefei,Hefei University of Technology,p 25–68.(in Chinese with English abstract)

He ZY,Xu XS,Niu YL(2010)Petrogenesis and tectonic significance of a Mesozoic gran-ite–sy en it e–gabbro association from inland South China.Lithos 119:621–641

He Y,Li S,Hoefs J,Huang F,Liu SA,Hou ZH(2011)Postcollisional granitoids from the Dabie orogen:new evidence for partial melting of a thickened continental crust.Geochim Cosmochim Acta 75(13):3815–3838

Hildreth H,Moorbath S(1988)Crustal contributions to arc magmatism in the Andes of central Chile.Contrib Miner Petrol 98:455–489

Hou ZQ,Zhou Y,Wang R,Zheng YC,He WY,Zhao M,Noreen JE,Roberto FW(2017)Recycling of metal-fertilized lower continental crust:origin of non-arc Au-rich porphyry deposits at cratonic edges.Geology 45(6):563–566

Hu ZL,Yang XY,Duan LA(2017)Geochemical study of Cretaceous magmatic rocks in Chuzhou region,Low Yangtze River Metallogenic Belt:implications for petrogenesis and Cu-Au mineralization.In:International Geology Review,doi:10.1080/00206814.2017.1373606

Ji FY,Li YP,Zhou L,Sheng ZL(1991)The geological and geochemical characteristics of impregnated gold deposit in south Anhui.JGeol 3:137–143(in Chinese with English abstract)

Kelley KA,Cottrell E(2009)Water and the oxidation state of subduction zone magmas.Science 325:605–607

Klein M,Stosch HG,Seck HA,Shimizu H(2000)Experimental partitioning of high field strength and rare earth elements between clinopyroxene and garnet in andesitic to tonalitic systems.Geochim Cosmochim Acta 64(1):99–115

Lee CTA,Luffi P,Chin EJ,Bouchet R,Dasgupta R,Morton DM,Le Roux V,Yin QZ,Jin D(2012)Copper systematics in arc magmas and implications for crust-mantle differentiation.Science 336(6077):64–68

Li XH,Li ZX,Ge WC,Zhou HW,Li WX,Liu Y,Wingate MTD(2003)Neoproterozoic granitoidsin South China:crustal melting above a mantle plume at ca.825 Ma? Precambr Res 122:45–83

Li XH,Li WX,Li ZX,Lo CH,Wang J,Ye MF,Yang YH(2009a)Amalgamation between the Yangtze and Cathaysia Blocks in South China:constraints from SHRIMPU-Pb zircon ages,geochemistry and Nd-Hf isotopes of the Shuangxiwu volcanic rocks.Precambr Res 174:117–128

Li JW,Zhao XF,Zhou MF,Ma CQ,Vasconcelos P(2009b)Late Mesozoic magmatism from the Daye region,eastern China:U-Pb ages,petrogenesis,and geodynamic implications.Contrib Miner Petrol 157:383–409

Li XH,Li WX,Wang XC,Li QL,Tang GQ,Gao YY,Wu FY(2010a)SIMS U-Pb zircon geochronology of porphyry Cu–Au–(Mo)deposits in the Yangtze River Metallogenic Belt,eastern China:magmatic response to Early Cretaceous lithospheric extension.Lithos 119(3):427–438

Li XF,Wang CZ,Hua RM,Wei XL(2010b)Fluid origin and structural enhancement during mineralization of the Jinshan orogenic gold deposit,South China.Miner Depos 45:583–597

Li XH,Li ZX,Li WX,Wang XC,Gao Y(2013)Revisiting the ‘‘C-typeadakitics’’of the Lower Yangtze River Belt,central eastern China:in-situ zircon Hf-O isotope and geochemical constraints.Chem Geol 345:1–15

Li S,Yang XY,Sun WD,Dai SQ(2014)Zircon dating,Hf isotope composition,geochemistry and their prospecting signification of the langqiao intrusion in Jingxian County,South Anhui Province.Adv Earth Sci 88(8):1561–1578(in Chinese with English abstract)

Li S,Sun SJ,Yang XY,Sun WD(2015)Petrological geochemistry and chronology of Ore-bearing Intrusive in Wuxi Porphyry gold deposit,in South Anhui Province.Geotectonica et Metallogenia 39(1):153–166(in Chinese with English abstract)

Liang FH(1992)The characteristics of ore bearing stratums in northern margin of Jiangnan Orogenic Belt.Uranium 2:49–58(in Chinese with English abstract)

Ling MX,Wang FY,Ding X,Hu YH,Zhou JB,Zartman RE,Yang XY,Sun WD(2009)Cretaceous ridge subduction along the lower Yangtze River belt,eastern China.Econ Geol 104:303–321

Liu YS,Hu Z,Gao S,Günther D,Xu J,Gao CG,Chen HH(2008)Insitu,analysis of major and trace elements of anhydrous minerals by LA-ICP-MS without applying an internal standard.Chem Geol 257(1–2):34–43

Liu YS,Hu ZC,Zong KQ,Gao CG,Gao S,Xu J,Chen HH(2010a)Reappraisement and refinement of zircon U-Pb isotope and trace element analyses by LA-ICP-MS.Sci Bull 55(15):1535–1546

Liu SA,Li SG,He YS(2010b)Geochemical contrasts between Early Cretaceous ore-bearing and ore-barren high-Mg adakites in central-eastern China:implications for petrogenesis and Cu–Au mineralization.Geochim Cosmochim Acta 74(24):7160–7178

Liu X,Fan HR,Hu FF,Yang KF,Wen BJ(2016)Nature and evolution of the ore-forming fluids in the giant Dexing porphyry Cu-Mo-Au deposit,Southeastern China.J Geochem Explor 171:83–95

Ludwig KR(2003)User’s manual for Isoplot 3.00:a geochronological toolkit for Microsoft Excel

Mao JW,Li XF,Zhang ZH,Wang YT,Li HM(2003)Geology,distribution,types and tectonic settings of Mesozoic epithermal gold deposits in East China.Geol JChina Univ 9(4):620–637

Mao JW,Xie GQ,Zhang ZH(2005)Mesozoic large-scale metallogenic pulses in North China and corresponding geodynamic settings.Acta Petrologica Sin 21(1):169–188

Maruyama S,Isozaki Y,Kimura G,Terabayashi M(1997)Paleogeographic maps of the Japanese Islands:platetectonic synthesis from 750 Ma to the present.Island Arc 6:121–142

Middlemost EAK(1985)Magmas and magmatic rocks.Longman,London,pp 1–266

Miles AJ,Graham CM,Hawkesworth CJ,Gillespie MR,Hinton RW,Bromiley GD,EMMAC(2014)Apatite:a new redox proxy for silicic magmas?Geochim Cosmochim Acta 132(3):101–119

Mungall JE(2002)Roasting the mantle:slab melting and the genesis of major Au and Au-rich Cu deposits.Geology 30(10):915

Ni P,Wang GG,Chen H,Xu YF,Guan SJ,Pan JY,Li L(2015)An Early Paleozoic orogenic gold belt along the Jiangshao Fault,South China:evidence from fluid inclusions and Rb-Sr dating of quartz in the Huangshan and Pingshui deposits.JAsian Earth Sci 103:87–102

Nie ZX,Li M,Shen HX,Xiong MQ,Qian X(2013)Gold ore types and ore prospecting direction in the Dongzhi area,Anhui Province.Geol Anhui 2:81–85(in Chinese with English abstract)

Nie ZX,Shi L,Gu HL,Qian X,Xu F,Yang JL,Yang XY(2016)U-Pb Zircon geochronology of magmatic rocks from the Zhaceqiao gold deposit in the Dongzhi Area,South Anhui Province and its metallogenic significance.Acta Geol Sin 90(6):1145–1166(in Chinese with English abstract)

Nie ZX,Shi L,Gu HL,Qian X,Shen HX,Yang XY(2017)The40Ar/39Ar geochronology and its geological significance of Zhaceqiao gold deposit in Dongzhi,Jiangnan Fault Zone.Geotectonica et Metallogenia 41(3):22–30(in Chinese with English abstract)

Oyarzun R,Marquez A,Lillo J,Lopez I,Rivera S(2001)Giant versus small porphyry copper deposits of Cenozoic age in northern Chile:adakitic versus normal calc-alkaline magmatism.Miner Deposita 36:794–798

Pearce JA,Harris NBW,Tindle AG(1984)Trace Element Discrimination Diagrams for the Tectonic Interpretation of Granitic Rocks.JPetrol 25(4):956–983

Pearce NJG,Perkins WT,Westgate JA,Gorton SE,Jackson CR,Chenery SP(2010)A compilation of new and published major and trace element data for NIST SRM 610 and NIST SRM 612 glass reference materials.Geostand Geoanal Res 21(1):115–144

Peccerillo A,Taylor SR(1976)Geochemistry of Eocenecalc-alkaline volcanic rocks from the Kastamonu area,Northern Turkey.Contrib Miner Petrol 58(1):63–81

Pertermann M,Hirschmann MM,Hametner K,Günther D,Schmid MW (2013)Experimental determination of trace element partitioning between garnet and silica-rich liquid during anhydrouspartial melting of MORB-likeeclogite.Geochem Geophys Geosyst 5(5):297–319

Pettke T,Oberli F,Heinrich CA(2010)The magma and metal source of giant porphyry-type ore deposits,based on lead isotope microanalysis of individual fluid inclusions.Earth Planet Sci Lett 296:267–277

Qian JP,He SF,Wang FM,Cheng JH(2008)Geological and geochemical characteristics and tectono-geochemial prospecting work in Liaojia of Qimen,Anhui Province.Geophys Geochem Explor 32(5):519(in Chinese with English abstract)

Richards JP(2009)Postsubduction porphyry Cu–Au and epithermal Au deposits:prod-ucts of remelting of subduction-modified lithosphere.Geology 37:247–250

Shafiei B,Haschke M,Shahabpour J(2009)Recycling of orogenic arc crust triggers por-phyry Cu mineralization in Kerman Cenozoic arc rocks,southeastern Iran.Miner Deposita 44:265–283

Shen HX,Shi L,Nie ZX,Qian X,Yang JM(2016)Petrological and geochemical characteristics of the intrusions in Zhaceqiao Au deposit Dongzhi area,Anhui province.Geocol Surv Res 39(1):24–30(in Chinese with English abstract)

Solomon M(1990)Subduction,arc reversal,and the origin of porphyry copper–gold de-posits in island arcs.Geology 18:630–633

Song GX,Qin K,Li G,Evans NJ,Li X(2014)Mesozoic magmatism and metallogeny in the Chizhou area,Middle-Lower Yangtze Valley,SE China:constrained by petrochemistry,geochemistry and geochronology.JAsian Earth Sci 91(3):137–153

Streckeisen A(1976)To each plutonic rock itsproper name.Earth Sci Rev 12(1):1–33

Sun GQ(2014)Geological characteristics and controlling factors of Dahaoshan gold deposit in Jiangxi province.West-China Explor Eng 26(1):94–96(in Chinese)

Sun WD,Xie Z,Chen JF,Zhang X,Chai ZF,Du AD,Zhao JS,Zhang CH,Zhou TF(2003)Os-Os Dating of copper and molybdenum deposits along the Middle and Lower Reaches of Yangtze River,China.Econ Geol 98:175–180

Sun WD,Ding X,Hu YH,Li XH(2007)The golden transformation of the Cretaceous plate subduction in the west Pacific.Earth Planet Sci Lett 262:533–542

Sun WD,Ling MX,Yang XY,Fan WM,Ding X,Liang HY(2010)Ridge subduction and porphyry copper-gold mineralization:an overview.Sci China Earth Sci 53:475–484

Sun WD,Ling MX,Ding X,Chung SL,Zhou JB,Yang XY,Fan WM(2011)The association between adakites and Cu-Au ore deposits.Int Geol Rev 53:691–703

Sun WD,Li S,Yang XY,Ling MX,Ding X,Duan LA,Zhan MZ,Zhang H,Fan WM(2013a)Large-scale gold mineralization in eastern China induced by an Early Cretaceous clockwise change in Pacific plate motions.Int Geol Rev 55:311–321

Sun WD,Liang HY,Ling MX,Zhan MZ,Ding X,Zhang H,Yang XY,Li YL,Ireland TR,Wei QR,Fan WM(2013b)The link between reduced porphyry copper deposits and oxidized magmas.Geochim Cosmochim Acta 103:263–275

Sun WD,Huang RF,Li H,Hu YB,Zhang CC,Sun SJ,Zhang LP,Ding X,Li CY,Zartman RE,Ling MX(2015)Porphyry deposits and oxidized magmas.Ore Geol Rev 65:97–131

Sun W,Wang JT,Zhang LP,Zhang CC,Li H,Ling MX,Ding X,Li CY,Liang HY(2017)The formation of porphyry copper deposits.Acta Geochimica 36(1):9–15

Trail D,Watson EB,Tailby ND(2012)Ceand Eu anomaliesin zircon as proxies for the oxidation state of magmas.Geochim Cosmochim Acta 97:70–87

Vervoort JD,Blichert-Toft J(1999)Evolution of the depleted mantle:Hf isotope evidence from juvenile rocks through time.Geochim et Cosmochim Acta 63(3–4):533–556

Wang P (1987)Mineral system.Second volume.Geological publishing house(in Chinese)

Wang J,Li ZX(2003)History of Neoproterozoic rift basins in South China:implications for Rodinia break-up.Precambr Res 122:141–158

Wang HZ,Mo XX(1995)An outline of the tectonic evolution of China.Episodes 18:6–16

Wang Q,Xu JF,Zhao ZH,Xiong XL,Bao ZW(2003)Petrogenesisof the Mesozoic intrusive rocks in Tonglin area,Anhui Province,China and their constraint on geodynamic process.Sci China Ser D-Earth Sci 46:801–815

Wang Q,Xu JF,Zhao ZH,Bao ZW,Xu W,Xiong XL(2004)Cretaceous high-potassium,intrusive rocks in the Yueshan-Hongzhen area of east China:adakites in an extensional tectonic regime within a continent.Geochem J 38(5):417–434

Wang Q,Wyman DA,Xu JF,Zhao ZH,Jian P,Xiong XL,Bao ZW,Li CF,Bai ZH(2006)Petrogenesis of Cretaceous adakitic and shoshonitic igneous rocks in the Luzong area,Anhui Province(eastern China):implications for geodynamics and Cu–Au mineralization.Lithos 89(3–4):424–446

Wang Q,Wyman DA,Xu JF,Zhao ZH,Jian P,Zi F(2007)Partial melting of thickened or delaminated lower crust in themiddleof Eastern China:implications for Cu-Au mineralization.J Geol 115(2):149–161

Wang XC,Li ZX,Li XH,Li QL,Zhang QR(2011)Geochemical and Hf–Nd isotope data of Nanhua rift sedimentary and volcaniclastic rocks indicate a Neoproterozoic continental flood basalt provenance.Lithos 127:427–440

Wang XL,Shu LS,Xing GF,Zhou JC,Tang M,Qi L,Hu YH(2012)Post-orogenic extension in the eastern part of the Jiangnan orogen:evidence from ca,800–760 Ma volcanic rocks.Precambr Res 222–223:404–423

Wang YJ,Fan WM,Zhang GW,Zhang Y(2013a)Phanerozoic tectonics of the South China Block:key observations and controversies.Gondwana Res 23(4):1273–1305

Wang YG,Ren MJ,Wang XR(2013b)Type of gold deposits and analysisof geological condition for gold mineralization.Technol Inf Jiangsu 11:71–74(in Chinese)

Wang GG,Ni P,Yao J,Wang XL,Zhao KD,Zhu ZR,Xu YF,Pan JY,Li L,Zhang YH(2015)The link between subductionmodified lithosphere and the giant Dexing porphyry copper deposit,South China:constraints from high-Mg adakitic rocks.Ore Geol Rev 67:109–126

Wen ZL,Deng T,Dong GJ,Zou FH,Xu DR,Wang ZL,Lin G,Chen GW(2016)Study on the characters and rules of the orecontrolling structures of the Wangu gold deposit in northeastern Hunan Province.Geotectonica et Metallogenia 40(2):281–294(in Chinese with English abstract)

Wiedenbeck M,AlléP,Corfu F,Griffin WL,Meier M,Oberli F,Von Quadt A,Roddick JC,Spiegel W(1995)Three natural zircon standards for U-Th-Pb,Lu-Hf,trace element and REE analyses.Geostand Geoanal Res 19(1):1–23

Wu RX,Zheng YF,Wu YB,Zhao ZF,Zhang SB,Liu XM,Wu FW(2006)Reworking of juvenile crust:element and isotope evidence from Neoproterozoic granodiorite in South China.Precambr Res 146(3–4):179–212

Wu FY,Li XH,Zheng YF,Gao S(2007)Lu-Hf isotopic systematics and their applications in petrology.Acta Petrologica Sin 23(2):185–220(in Chinese with English abstract)

Wu CL,Dong SW,Wu D,Zhang X,Ernst WG(2017)Late Mesozoic high-K calc-alkaline magmatism in SE China:the Tongling example.Int Geol Rev.https://doi.org/10.1080/00206814.2017.1313137

Xiao QL,Zhou TF,Zhang DY,Qian X,Chen XF,Chen Y(2017)The electron probe microanalysis and its significance of the sulfides in Huashan antimony-gold deposit,South Anhui.Chin J Geol 52(4):1312–1326(in Chinese with English abstract)

Xie GQ,Mao JW,Li RL,Qu WJ,Pirajno F,Du AD(2007)Re-Os molybdenite and Ar–Ar phlogopite dating of Cu–Fe–Au–Mo(W)deposits in southeastern Hubei,China.Miner Petrol 90(3–4):249–270

Xie GQ,Mao JW,Li RL,Bierlein FP(2008)Geochemistry and Nd-Sr isotopic studies of Late Mesozoic granitoids in the southeastern Hubei Province,Middle-Lower Yangtze River belt,Eastern China: petrogenesis and tectonic setting. Lithos 104(1–4):216–230

Xie JC,Yang XY,Sun WD,Du JG,Xu W,Wu L,Wang KY,Du XW(2009)Geochronological and geochemical constraints on formation of the Tongling metal deposits,middle Yangtze metallogenic belt,east-central China.Int Geol Rev 51:388–421

Xie GQ,Mao JW,Zhao HJ,Wei KT,Jin SG,Pan HJ,Ke YF(2011a)Timing of skarn deposit formation of the Tonglushan oredistrict,southeastern Hubei Province,Middle-Lower Yangtze River Valley metallogenic belt and its implications.Ore Geol Rev 43(1):62–77

Xie GQ,Mao JW,Li XW,Duan C,Yao L(2011b)Late Mesozoic bimodal volcanic rocks in the Jinniu basin,Middle-Lower Yangtze River Belt(YRB),East China:age,petrogenesis and tectonic implications.Lithos 127(1–2):144–164

Xie GQ,Mao JW,Zhao HJ(2011c)Zircon U-Pb geochronological and Hf isotopic constraints on petrogenesis of Late Mesozoic intrusions in the southeast Hubei Province,Middle-Lower Yangtze River belt (MLYRB), East China. Lithos 125(1–2):693–710

Xie GQ,Mao JW,Zhao HJ,Duan C,Yao L(2012)Zircon U-Pb and phlogopite 40Ar-39Ar age of the Chengchao and Jinshandian skarn Fe deposits,Southeast Hubei,Middle-Lower Yangtze River Valley metallogenic belt,China.Miner Deposita 47(6):633–652

Xie GQ,Mao JW,Zhu QQ,Yao L,Li YH,Li W,Zhao HJ(2015)Geochemical constraints on Cu–Fe and Fe skarn deposits in the Edong district,Middle-Lower Yangtze River metallogenic belt,China.Ore Geol Rev 64:425–444

Xie GQ,Mao JW,Li W,Zhu QQ,Liu HB,Jia GH,Li YH,Li JJ,Zhang J(2016)Different proportion of mantle-derived noble gases in the Cu-Fe and Fe skarn deposits:He-Ar isotopic constraint in the Edong district,Eastern China.Ore Geol Rev 72:343–354

Xie JC,Fang D,Xia DM,Li QZ,Sun WD(2017a)Petrogenesis and tectonic implications of late Mesozoic granitoids in southern Anhui Province,southeastern China.Int Geol Rev.https://doi.org/10.1080/00206814.2017.1297964

Xie JC,Wang Y,Li QZ,Liu JM,Yan J,Sun WD(2017b)Early Cretaceous adakitic rocks in the Anqing region,southeastern China:constraints on petrogenesis and metallogenic significance.Int Geol Rev.https://doi.org/10.1080/00206814.2017.1362672

Xu B(1994)Nd and Sr isotopic geochemistry of Presinian volcanic rocks in northwestern Zhejiang Province.Geol Zhejiang 10:45–51(in Chinese with English abstract)

Xu XC,Bai RY,Xie QQ,Lou JW,Zhang ZZ,Liu QN,Chen LW(2012)Re-understanding of the geological and geochemical characteristics of the Mesozoic intrusive rocks from Tongling area of Anhui Province,and discussions on their genesis.Acta Petrologica Sin 28(10):3139–3169

Xu XC,Fan ZL,He J,Liu X,Liu XY,Xie QQ,Lu SM,Lou JW(2014a)Metallogenic model for the copper-gold polymetallic deposits in Shizishan ore field,Tongling,Anhui Province.Acta Petrologica Sin 30(4):1054–1074

Xu XC,Xue L,Zhang ZZ,He M,Xie QQ,Fan ZL,He J(2014b)Zircon U-Pb ages of magmatic rocks in Zhaojikou lead-zinc deposits of Dongzhi County,Anhui Province and their geological significance.Chin J Geol 49(2):431–455(in Chinese with English abstract)

Xu DR,Deng T,Chi GX,Wang ZL,Zou FH,Zhang JL,Zou SH(2017)Gold mineralization in the Jiangnan Orogenic Belt of South China:geological,geochemical and geochronological characteristics,ore deposit-type and geodynamic setting.Ore Geol Rev 88:565–618

Yang ST(1993a)Implication of the zonal textured of gold-bearing pyrites on gold source:an example from Dongzhi gold metallogenic field,southern Anhui.Contrib Geol Miner Resour Res 2:53–60(in Chinese with English abstract)

Yang ST(1993b)Thegeological and geochemical characteristics,and genesis of the altered granotoids the Huashan gold mineralized domain,South Anhui.Geol Anhui 1:42–48(in Chinese with English abstract)

Yang W,Zhang HF(2012)Zircon geochronology and Hf isotopic composition of Mesozoic magmatic rocks from Chizhou,the Lower Yangtze Region:constraints on their relationship with Cu-Au mineralization.Lithos 150:37–48

Yang JM,Shi L,Nie ZX,Xiong XM(2015)Petrological features and significance of magmatic rocks of the Zhaojialing golf ore deposit,Dongzhi County,Anhui.Geol Anhui 25(4):268–273(in Chinese with English abstract)

Yang Y,Shi YR,Anderson JL(2017)Zircon SHRIMPU-Pb ages and geochemistry of Late Mesozoic granitoids in Western Zhejiang and Southern Anhui:constraints on the model of lithospheric thinning of Southeast China.Int Geol Rev.https://doi.org/10.1080/00206814.2017.1317220

Yao JL,Shu LS,Santosh M,Zhao GC(2014)Neoproterozoic arcrelated mafic-ultramafic rocks and syn-collision granite from the western segment of the Jiangnan Orogen,South China:constraints on the Neoproterozoic assembly of the Yangtze and Cathaysia Blocks.Precambr Res 243:39–62

Zhang DA(1999)Discussion on the genesis of the Luochong-Songchong Sb ore deposit in south Anhui.Geol Anhui 4:284–288(in Chinese with English abstract)

Zhang Z,Badal J,Li Y,Chen Y,Yang L,Teng J(2005)Crust-upper mantle seismic velocity structure across Southeastern China.Tectonophysics 395:137–157

Zhang D,Wu GG,Di Y,Luo P,Huang H(2009)SHRIMP U-Pb zircon geochronology of the Tieshajie Group in the Cathaysia Block-China:implications for Neoproterozoic tectonic significance.Geochim Cosmochim Acta 73:1503(Supplement)

Zhang LJ,Zhou TF,Fan Y,Yuan F,Qian B,Ma L(2011)A LA-ICPMS Study of Apatite from the Taocun Magnetite-apatite Deposit,Ningwu Basin.Acta Geologica Sin 85(5):834–848(in Chinese with English abstract)

Zhang H,Ling MX,Liu YL,Tu XL,Wang FY,Li CY,Liang HY,Yang XY,Arndt NT,Sun WD(2013)High oxygen fugacity and slab melting linked to Cu mineralization:evidence from Dexing porphyry copper deposits, southeastern China. J Geol 121:289–305

Zhao GC(2015)Jiangnan Orogen in South China:developing from divergent double subduction.Gondwana Res 27:1173–1180

Zhao GC,Cawood PA(2012)Precambrian geology of China.Precambr Res 222–223:13–54

Zheng YF(2003)Neoproterozoic magmatic activity and global change.Sci Bull 48(16):1639–1656

Zheng YF,Wu FY,Wu YB,Zhang SB,Yuan HL,Wu FY(2008)Rift melting of juvenile arc-derived crust:geochemical evidence from Neoproterozoic volcanic and granitic rocks in the Jiangnan Orogen,South China.Precambrian Res 163(3):351–383

Zhou XM,Li WX(2000)Origin of Late Meozoic igneous rocks in Southeastern China:implications for lithosphere subduction and underplating of mafic magmas.Tectonophysics 326:269–287

Zhou MF,Yan DP,Kennedy AK,Li Y,Ding J(2002)SHRIMPU-Pb zircon geochronological and geochemical evidence for Neoproterozoic arc-magmatism along the western margin of the Yangtze Block,South China.Earth Planet Sci Lett 196:51–67

Zhou X,Sun T,Shen W,Shu L,Niu Y(2006)Petrogenesis of Mesozoic granitoids and volcanic rocks in South China:a response to tectonic evolution.Episodes 29:26–33

Zhou TF,Fan Y,Yuan F(2008)Advances on petrogensis and metallogeny study of the mineralization belt of the Middle and Lower Reaches of the Yangtze River area.Acta Petrologica Sin 24(8):1665–1678(in Chinese with English abstract)

Zhou JC,Wang XL,Qiu JS(2009)Geochronology of Neoproterozoic mafic rocks and sandstones from northeastern Guizhou,South China:coeval arc magmatism and sedimentation.Precambr Res 170:27–42

Zhu RX,Fan HR,Li JW,Meng QR,Li SR,Zeng QD(2015)Decratonic gold deposits.Sci China Earth Sci 58(9):1523–1537

Zong KQ,Liu YS,Gao CG,Hu ZC,Gao S,Gong HJ(2010)In-situ U-Pb dating and trace element analysis of zirconsin thin sections of eclogite:refining constraints on the ultra-high-pressure metamorphism of the Sulu terrane,China.Chem Geol 269(3–4):237–251

Qing Hu,Huangling Gu,Xiaoyong Yang,Yisu Ren,Ergen Gao,Zhangxing Nie
《Acta Geochimica》 2018年第3期
《Acta Geochimica》2018年第3期文献

服务严谨可靠 7×14小时在线支持 支持宝特邀商家 不满意退款

本站非杂志社官网,上千家国家级期刊、省级期刊、北大核心、南大核心、专业的职称论文发表网站。
职称论文发表、杂志论文发表、期刊征稿、期刊投稿,论文发表指导正规机构。是您首选最可靠,最快速的期刊论文发表网站。
免责声明:本网站部分资源、信息来源于网络,完全免费共享,仅供学习和研究使用,版权和著作权归原作者所有
如有不愿意被转载的情况,请通知我们删除已转载的信息 粤ICP备2023046998号