Supported by the Applied Basic Research Project in Sichuan(2018); National Science and Technology Support Program(2015BAC05B02); Innovative Research Projects of Graduate Students in Southwest Minzu University in 2017(CX2017SZ085).

社会公平感知不仅包含整体社会公平感知，也包含个体层面的公平感知。个人公平感知中收入是很重要的影响因素之一，因此用个人收入公平感知可以较为准确、简洁且全面地衡量个体层面公平感知。采用二分类logistic回归模型对本研究所选各变量进行回归，结果见表4。

众所周知，沙特阿拉伯是美国在中东地区的重要盟友和战略支点。美沙之间不断发展的紧密联系，成为了美国在中东地区发挥影响力的重要支点。

1 Introduction

NardostachyosRadix et Rhizoma was dried root and rhizome of Nardostachysjatamansi DC.[1]. It was thought by the research group that its base plants were one species of N. jatamansi and its variant N. jatamansi (D.Don) DC.f. plena Batal.(named by the research group)[2]. It was mainly distributed in Sichuan, Qinghai, Gansu, Yunnan and Tibet[3]. Nardostachyos Radix et Rhizoma was spicy, sweet, warm and nontoxic, had the effects of tranquilizing and allaying excitement, getting rid of wind, refreshing one’s mind, and was often used to treat abdominal distension, anorexia and vomit, and pedal edema and toothache by external use. It was common medicine of Ayurveda and Unani of ancient India, and now it was common clinical medicine of Chinese medicine, Tibetan medicine and Mongolian medicine[4]. Modern pharmacology experiment research showed that volatile oil components of N. jatamansi had the effects of anti-arrhythmia[5-8], resisting myocardial ischemia, protecting cardiac myocyte[9-11], calming[12], anti-hypertension[12], anti-depression[13], and it was widely applied in medicine and cosmetics. The relevant experiments of water, ash, extract, and nardosinone from different sites of N. jatamansi were conducted by the research group in prior period. At present, there were many reports on volatile oil components of N. jatamansi[14-18], and it was mainly terpenoids, which mainly concentrates in root and rhizome, while the identification on volatile oil components of N. jatamansi herb was little. In this paper, comparative analysis on component and content of volatile oil from different sites of N. jatamansi was conducted by GC-MS technology, which had important significance for rationally developing and using N. jatamansi resource and protecting wild N. jatamansi resource diversity based on GC diagram.

2 Materials and methods

2.1 Instruments Volatile oil extractor(Chengdu Weilan Chemical Reagent Company); Agilent 7890A/5975C type of gas chromatography-mass spectrometry(USA Agilent Company); chromatographic column HP-5ms (30 μm×250 μm, 0.25 μm); rotary evaporator; METTLER AE240 electronic analytical balance (Shanghai Mettler-Toledo Instruments Co., Ltd.); BP211D type of electronic balance(Germany Sartorius Company); KQ-5200E type of ultrasonic cleaner(40 kHz, 250 W, Kunshan Ultrasonic Instruments Co., Ltd.).

河口内测点含沙量无论大小潮均远大于外海测点含沙量，平均含沙量分别为0.07～0.1kg/m3（河口内）和0.004～0.04 kg/m3（外海）。

2.4 Mass spectrometry condition EI ionization, ionization energy was 70 ev; ion source temperature was 230℃; four-stage rod temperature was 150℃; scanning mass range m/z was 50-500; solvent retention time was 3 min; the sampling volume was 1 μL.

2.3 Gas chromatography condition Agilent 19091S-433 column (30 mm×0.25 μm×0.25 mm), initial temperature was 60℃(maintaining for 3 min), and then it rose to 145℃ by 20℃/min, 155℃ by 1℃/min, and 280℃ by 20℃/min. The sampling volume was 1 μL, and split ratio was 50∶1.

Using the volatile oil extraction method of N. jatamansi in the ChinesePharmacopoeiaof 2015, 30 g of N. jatamansi powder was obtained. Volatile oil of N. jatamansi root and rhizome, herb was all bright yellow, and yield of volatile oil was 3.33%(1.0 mL)and 4.00%(1.2 mL). After the extracted volatile oil was dried by anhydrous sodium sulfate, it was prepared by 1∶10 of volatile oil∶ethyl acetate and then filtered by 0.22 μm of filter membrane, obtaining the sample.

2.5 Volatile oil extraction and GC-MS component analysis

683 Therapeutic effect of pingyangmycin injection combined with hypercator resection under suspension laryngoscope on laryngopharyngeal hemangioma

2.2 Materials N. jatamansi was collected from Longduwan Mountain of Hongyuan County, Aba Tibetan and Qiang Autonomous Prefecture, Sichuan, and was identified by Professor Liu Yuan from Ethnic Medicine Institute, Southwest Minzu University.

GC-MS was used to analyze volatile oil components from different sites of N. jatamansi. Peak area normalization was used to calculate relative content, and volatile oil components of N. jatamansi herb, root and rhizome were identified.

3 Results and analyses

Volatile oil components of N. jatamansi herb, root and rhizome were shown as Table 1. By searching by mass spectrometry computer data system NIST14.L, checking standard mass spectrogram, and referring to relevant literature, it was identified that there were 56 kinds of volatile oil components from different sites of N. jatamansi, in which 39 volatile oil components from herb, 39 volatile oil components from root and rhizome, and there were 22 common components. Via peak area normalization method, relative mass fraction of each chemical component was cleared. Volatile oil components from root and rhizome with higher content were respectively (1aR)-1aβ, 2, 3, 3a, 4, 5, 6, 7bβ-8 hydrogens-1, 1, 3aβ, 7-tetramethyl-1H-cyclopropane[a]naphthalene(33.05%), 1H-cyclopropa[a]naphthalene, 1a, 2,3, 3a, 4, 5, 6, 7b-octahydro-1, 1, 3a, 7-tetramethyl-,[1aR-(1aα,3aα, 7bα)](9.97%), Eudesma-4(15) , 7-dien-1.beta. -ol (7.31%) calarene(6.18%), aristolene (5.31%), Patchouli alcohol (4.71%); volatile oil components from herb with higher content were respectively (1aR)-1aβ, 2, 3, 3a, 4, 5, 6, 7bβ-8 hydrogens-1, 1, 3aβ, 7-tetramethyl-1H-cyclopropane[a]naphthalene(32.19%), 1H-cyclopropa[a]naphthalene, 1a, 2,3, 3a, 4, 5, 6, 7b-octahydro-1, 1, 3a, 7-tetramethyl-, [1aR-(1aα,3aα, 7bα)](9.21%), aristolene(5.04%), (1aR,7aα,7bβ)-decahydro-1,1,3aβ,7-tetramethyl-1H-cyclopropa[a]naphthalen-7α-ol (4.26%), Patchouli alcohol (4.64%), Maaliol (2.96%). Wu Zijing analyzed volatile oil components of N. jatamansi[15], and main components were similar to the experiment. Volatile oil of N. jatamansi had the effect of anti-arrhythmia[19], in which calarene, γ-maaliene, α-gurjunene, Maaliol, and trans-β-ionone respectively had the effects of antibiosis, calming, anti-hypertension and anti-cancer[18,20-21], which had an important significance for pharmacological research of N. jatamansi.

Table 1 Identification and comparison of volatile oil components from different sites ofNardostachysjatamansi

No．ChemicalcomponentMolecularformulaMolecularweightStructuralformulaRootandrhizomeRetentiontime∥minRelativecontentHerbRetentiontime∥minRelativecontent1EthylbenzeneC6H5C2H5106．163．3810．173．3220．172o⁃XyleneC6H4(CH3)2106．163．5100．373．4520．383p⁃XyleneC6H4(CH3)2106．163．8870．143．8340．1445⁃Isopropyl⁃2⁃methylanisoleC11H16O164．247．9920．087．9750．075β⁃PatchouleneC15H24204．36##9．8750．179．8690．336β⁃ElemenC15H24204．359．9750．369．9630．4071H⁃Cyclopropa[a]naphthalene，1a，2，3，3a，4，5，6，7b⁃octahydro⁃1，1，3a，7⁃tetramethyl⁃，[1aR⁃(1aα，3aα，7bα)]C15H24204．3510．3989．9710．3819．218(1aR)⁃1aβ，2，3，3a，4，5，6，7bβ⁃8hydrogens⁃1，1，3aβ，7⁃tetramethyl⁃1H⁃cyclopropane[a]naphthalene######10．88033．0510．86332．199AristoleneC15H24204．3510．5395．3110．5285．0410CalareneC15H24204．3511．1396．18--

(To be continued)

(Continued)

No．ChemicalcomponentMolecularformulaMolecularweightStructuralformulaRootandrhizomeRetentiontime∥minRelativecontentHerbRetentiontime∥minRelativecontent11Isolongifolene，4，5⁃dehydro⁃C15H22202．00##--10．9630．4112SeychelleneC15H24204．36--11．0632．1913α⁃GurjuneneC15H24204．3611．2980．98--14α⁃PatchouleneC10H16136．23--11．2861．0915Isolongifolene，4，5，9，10⁃dehydro⁃######11．3920．3811．3810．4116γ⁃SelineneC15H24204．3611．5270．31--174⁃(2，6，6⁃Trimethyl⁃1⁃cyclohexenyl)⁃3⁃buten⁃2⁃oneC13H20O192．30--11．5220．3118trans⁃β⁃IononeC13H20O192．3011．7102．2311．6982．1119AlloaromadendreneC15H24204．3611．8570．6411．8450．6820γ⁃MaalieneC15H24204．3612．0041．4111．9981．3421LedeneC15H24204．3612．0800．70--22Azulene，1，2，3，5，6，7，8，8a⁃octahydro⁃1，4⁃dimethyl⁃7⁃(1⁃methylethenyl)⁃，[1S⁃(1α，7α，8aβ．)]⁃######12．1980．4012．1920．4623g⁃CadineneC15H24204．36--12．5691．5024Naphthalene，1，2，4a，5，6，8a⁃hexahydro⁃4，7⁃dimethyl⁃1⁃(1⁃methylethyl)⁃######12．4270．1612．4220．1725GermacreneDC15H24204．3612．5741．31--261，2，3，4⁃Tetramethyl⁃5⁃(1⁃methylethyl)benzene######--13．3800．3527NeointermedeolC15H26O222．3713．5270．5813．5220．5828Phenol，4⁃(3⁃methyl⁃2⁃butenyl)⁃######--13．6330．2829(1aR，7aα，7bβ)⁃Decahydro⁃1，1，3aβ，7⁃tetramethyl⁃1H⁃cy⁃clopropa[a]naphthalen⁃7α⁃ol######--13．9224．2630MaaliolC15H26O222．3714．2572．8714．2452．96

(To be continued)

(Continued)

No．ChemicalcomponentMolecularformulaMolecularweightStructuralformulaRootandrhizomeRetentiontime∥minRelativecontentHerbRetentiontime∥minRelativecontent31LedolC15H26O222．3714．4271．6314．4221．66321H⁃Cycloprop[e]azulen⁃7⁃ol，decahydro⁃1，1，7⁃trimethyl⁃4⁃methylene⁃，[1ar⁃(1aα，4aα，7β，7aβ，7b．a######14．9801．37--33HumuleneepoxideIIC15H24O220．3615．1620．3415．1570．3734tau．⁃MuurololC15H26O222．37--16．2680．28353⁃(2⁃Fluoro⁃3⁃methoxyphenyl)benzaldehydeC28H35NO8513．59--16．4100．6236(6S)⁃6⁃ethenyl⁃6⁃methyl⁃1⁃propan⁃2⁃yl⁃3⁃propan⁃2⁃ylidene⁃cyclohexeneC15H24204．0015．6920．23--371⁃Ethyl⁃2，3，5，6⁃tetramethylbenzene####15．8680．47--38SpathulenolC15H26O220．3616．1271．0116．1210．3439CyperenoneC15H22O218．3416．4210．36--40Azulene，1，2，3，3a，4，5，6，7⁃octahydro⁃1，4⁃dimethyl⁃7⁃(1⁃methylethenyl)⁃，[1R⁃(1α．，3aβ，4α，7β)]⁃C15H24240．3516．7451．2916．7511．1941PatchoulialcoholC15H26O222．3717．0334．7117．0334．6442Eudesma⁃4(15)，7⁃dien⁃1β⁃ol######17．2457．31--43Aristol⁃1(10)⁃en⁃9⁃ol######--18．0390．92441(10)⁃aristoleneC15H24204．3618．0390．57--45β⁃selineneC15H24--18．2030．20--46β⁃eudesmeneC15H24204．00##18．3270．14--47Isolongifolenone######--18．5100．87482，3⁃Dehydro⁃4⁃oxo⁃β⁃ionol######--18．9680．33491H⁃cyopropa[a]naphthalene，1a，2，6，7，7a，7b⁃hexahydro⁃1，1，7，7a⁃tetramethyl######18．5270．73--501，1，4，4⁃Tetramethyl⁃2，3⁃tetralindioneC14H16O2216．2818．9680．29--

(To be continued)

(Continued)

No．ChemicalcomponentMolecularformulaMolecularweightStructuralformulaRootandrhizomeRetentiontime∥minRelativecontentHerbRetentiontime∥minRelativecontent511H⁃Benzimidazole，5⁃fluoro⁃2⁃(4⁃piperidinyl)⁃(9CI)######19．3094．92--523，3，5⁃Trimethyl⁃5⁃phenylcyclohexanone----19．4390．5353NootkatoneC15H22O218．34--19．6090．16541，4⁃Methanoazulene⁃9⁃methanol，decahydro⁃4，8，8⁃trimeth⁃yl⁃，(1S，3aR，4S，8aS，9S)⁃C15H26O222．3719．9920．30--551⁃PhenylcyclopentanecarboxylicacidC12H14O2190．24--20．2620．21562⁃[4⁃(1⁃Methylpropyl)phenyl]propanoicacid######--22．7450．11

Note: "##" showed that no data was found.

4 Conclusions and discussions

Seen from above analysis results, main components of volatile oil from N. jatamansi root and rhizome, herb were basically same except calarene and maaliol, and calarene content was higher in root and rhizome, while maaliol content was higher in herb. In these same components, relative contents of other common components had difference at certain degree except (1aR)-1aβ, 2, 3, 3a, 4, 5, 6, 7bβ-8 hydrogens-1, 1, 3aβ, 7-tetramethyl-1H-cyclopropane[a]naphthalene, and the difference component was more. It could be initially judged the difference of effective ingredients from root and rhizome, herb of N. jatamansi, and initial conclusion was that N. jatamansi "herb" could not completely replace "root and rhizome" as the medicine, which was consistent with prior conclusions of water, ash and extract from different sites by the research group. It also verified the difference of N. jatamansi "herb" and "root and rhizome" as the medicine at certain degree.

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