1. Sustaining Traditional Cultural Ecology in Traditional Qiang Villages

The preservation of Qiang ethnic heritage in traditional villages should start with the preservation of the cultural space and environment in which it inhabits. Preservation efforts should focus on the development of sustainable farming practices, distinctive local businesses and industries, and measures for the intergenerational transmission of traditional culture and language. Simultaneously there is a need to integrate modern natural disaster prevention knowledge with local knowledge and practices. This will enable the sustainable long-term development of traditional Qiang cultural ecology within traditional local villages.

现在的家长对儿童总是娇生惯养，促使学前儿童慢慢成为了“温室里的花朵”，不能应对任何挫折[4]。基于此，在学前儿童体育游戏创编活动设计中，增设一些对抗类游戏项目，可改善幼儿们不良心理，让他们养成勇于拼搏精神，做到胜不骄，败不馁，实现身体和心理的共同发展。

2.Restoration and Reconstruction of Traditional Cultural Ecology in Rural and Urban Qiang Communities

How can the urban and rural Qiang communities which have already lost the Qiang traditional language, customs, and practices, especially those new urban and rural communities which have been constructed after the 2018 earthquake, become the key in determining whether the Qiang culture could be continuously preserved and get a sustainable development? Firstly, the government in the Qiang region should be expected to guide the perception of the status and value of traditional Qiang culture via policies, utilize effectively the socioeconomic potential of the traditional culture， and gradually cultivate public awareness and enthusiasm for the transmission of Qiang culture. Secondly, the government and related institutions should also organize and sponsor folk festivals and cultural tourism programs, organize high-quality cultural performances and arts activities, offer cultural training and educational programs for the public, and provide a platform for the restoration and reconstruction of Qiang culture both in urban and rural communities.

3. Constructing and Integrating a Public Cultural Service System in Rural and Urban Qiang Communities

Firstly, the construction of a basic framework for the transmission of Qiang culture and the accessibility of cultural resources should be enhanced. Secondly,it is important to increase the government’s awareness of the significance of involving traditional Qiang culture in school education, confirm the educational objectives of Qiang culture at different schooling levels, and develop a cultural curriculum with distinctive Qiang cultural elements. There should also be more collaboration between counties in the Qiang area with regard to the preservation of cultural heritage, utilization of distinct intangible cultural resources, promoting the overall influence and transmissibility of Qiang culture, as well as the effect of branding its cultural industry.

The primary approach for using the Qiang’s unique cultural resources reasonably and sustainably is to incorporate traditional Qiang culture continuously into economic, cultural, and ecologicalconstructs, realize a living transmission of the culture, and maintain its vitality. For instance, it is necessary to enlarge the domain for using the Qiang language and enhance its social function in order to solve the problem of the Qiang language becoming endangered, and realize it as a living inheritance.

4. Restoring and Expanding the Social Functions of Traditional Qiang Culture

6.Constructing an Academic Community on Qiang Studies and Advocating Practical Feedback from the Fieldwork

陈化是消除钢渣膨胀组分的有效方法。传统的钢渣堆存方式，在数年的长时间下可以实现钢渣体积稳定，但时间太长。利用蒸汽陈化、蒸汽加压陈化来实现钢渣稳定化已经得到实际应用，采用蒸汽加压处理的陈化时间可以显著降低[37]。陈化过程中也可以加入CO2气体，改善钢渣体积稳定性，如日本钢管公司利用钢渣制成大块砖，然后装入密闭模具后通入饱和蒸气和CO2，五年后测定结果表明稳定性仍较好，而采用空气冷却则很难满足要求[38]。

5. Preserving Qiang Heritage via New Media

The prevalence of new forms of multimedia can be harnessed to create new modes for the preservation of Qiang language and culture.For example, encouraging technical specialists and educators to collaborate in designing online courses related to the Qiang language, traditional music, Shibi culture, etc.

Future Qiang studies should emphasize the practical meaning of academic findings, cooperation between the academic field, community and governmental institutes, and form a reciprocal feedback mechanism. The government and academic institutes should build a web-based platform regarding Qiang cultural studies, encourage interdisciplinary cooperation and exchange, and construct an academic community for Qiang studies. They should further ensure that the research findings reach the Qiang communities at a grassroots level guaranteeing that the community members could use them.

Key Words:traditional Qiang culture; sustainable development of cultural ecology; intangible cultural heritage; plights and countermeasures

(2)确定所选取的壳体压铸工艺主要影响因素的浇铸温度、压射速度及模具温度，最终确定最优的参数组合为浇注温度700 ℃、压射速度3 m/s、模具温度220 ℃，并在该工艺条件下进行模拟，统计缺陷体积为1.563 cm3，表明铸件质量得到明显改善．

数字预案系统按照“平战结合”的原则进行架构设计，是以预案数字化为核心，以应急资源关联配置为支撑，以地理信息系统和应急综合数据库为基础的应急平台核心业务系统；包括满足日常的应急管理工作需要，又能满足“战时”的应急救援工作需求。

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