Q1 能否请您谈谈荆楚建筑文化特色及其对塑造城市空间的影响？

我是西安建筑科技大学1980级的本科生，大学毕业后到现在的武汉科技大学工作一年后，到了武汉市建筑设计院，就是现在的中信建筑设计研究总院，从助理建筑师做起，一直到现在。之前我的工作以建筑设计实践为主，但后来我发现如果没有一定的理论研究和文化上的再认识，很容易跟风，就是进入所谓的设计瓶颈，因此，对传统文化和地域建筑等问题的研究可以说是出于设计自觉，其中荆楚建筑文化是我们一直都关注的重点问题。在这方面，我们在2013年成立了湖北省历史建筑研究会，成员包括湖北省的建筑师、建筑院校、社科院、各大设计院、历史建筑保护机构、地产商以及施工单位。我们构建这样一个平台，每个季度会定期组织活动，方便大家对湖北的建筑历史和文化进行交流，交流的内容既可以是保护历史建筑本身，也可以是建筑设计方案。同时，湖北省住建厅牵头，联合中信院、中南院、湖北社科院、武大、华科5个单位做了一些系统的课题，对荆楚建筑文化、美学意境、典型风格特征等进行研究，并出版了相关学术著作。另外，我们也参与了住建部的一些研究，如《中国传统建筑解析与传承》，由崔愷院士主持，其中湖北卷是由我们院牵头编写的。最近我们还在做另外一个《中国传统民居屋顶建构研究》课题。

回到荆楚建筑文化，严格说来，荆楚建筑本身没有现存的实体，大多数都是建筑遗址，或者是留存在历史文献当中，比如屈原的诗歌。另外，楚国的历史遗物如凤、九头鸟、编钟、阙、虎座凤架鼓以及丰富多样的纹饰，也是荆楚建筑可以借鉴的文化符号。像楚灵王的章华台、具有3,500年历史的盘龙城和荆州纪南城等都是遗址，根据遗址和史料，我们推导出来一些共性的东西，总结出6个特点：高台基、深出檐、美山墙、巧构造、精装饰、红黄黑。这一系列的特点也是为了适应地形和环境，合理利用当地工艺来建造适合人们生活居住的场所。其中最有代表性的是荆州纪南城，现在发掘的遗址占地18km2，那个时候的城墙都是夯土的，里面包含宫殿区、贵族居住区、市场以及平民居住区，除了城墙、城门是比较方正的布局，内部各功能区的布局却是比较随意自由的。有意思的是，楚国建城时不是很注重城墙的防御功能，后来在逐年的战争中才慢慢发展起这个功能。

此外，我们将荆楚建筑的人文精神提炼为“大气、兼容、张扬、机敏”，美学意境提炼为“庄重与浪漫、恢宏与灵秀、绚丽与沉静、自然与精美”。如何把这种“荆楚风”融入现代的城市空间营造上，我个人认为需要从模拟原型重现现场、体现荆楚内在精神、采用开放创新手法以及打造绿色荆楚建筑几个方面来实现。同时，我们也在积极编撰城市设计风貌的导则，如《“荆楚派”建筑风格设计导则（试行）》，意图将这些共同原则在将来的城市营造中落实下去。

母亲在百花谷里，有时候会遇到江湖客，她会要他们写一个他们最爱的门派中的招式来抵嫖资，她出身山西大同的名妓，她床上的招式也是很好的。她回到家，将这些急就章画得歪歪倒倒的招式图谱给袁安看，袁安自己学会了，去比画给师父看，却被师父笑话很多次，说与其叫百花错拳——在百花谷里得来的画虎不成反类犬的拳，还不如叫王八拳呢！

Q2 您认为武汉的城市公共空间有何特点，它们在城市中是如何发挥作用的？

武汉最具特色的是近100年的民国建筑，而其中最有特色、保存最完好的是汉口的江滩区域，是以以前的海关武汉关为中心展开的，有日清洋行、花旗银行、横滨正金银行等为代表的商行建筑，另外就是与金融圈配套的近代工业建筑，如平和打包厂、和利冰场以及原来德国领事区中各大洋行的仓库。这一系列民国建筑构成了武汉近代历史商业、金融、工业建筑的缩影，特别是在长江沿线。对待这些建筑，我们一直都以风貌保护为主，这方面的工作我们也一直在学习，比如积极借鉴上海、苏州、宁波等城市的经验，也会定期邀请相关专家如同济大学的阮仪三、常青教授，清华的朱文一教授来提出一些宝贵意见。

我们最近做了比较多的历史建筑与有机更新的项目，像武汉中山大道改造，其中有5个主要街区，也有保存比较完好的优秀历史建筑和不可移动的文物，在尽量保持其原有风格的前提下，根据当代人的生活方式重新梳理业态，不仅关注建筑本身，还同规划、景观、室内设计团队协作，不仅我们自己的团队在做，还有国际咨询，科学量化、后期运营管理的团队，另外还构建了促进公共参与的平台。在历史建筑的功能置换方面，可以谈谈中山大道大孚银行被改造为物外书店的项目。这栋建筑层高较高，里面的功能发生了变化，我们强制要求其外立面不能动；室内空间的设计是可逆的，在换成其他功能时也不会伤害到主体建构；最后就是建筑室内有代表性的物件，不能被遮挡，需要展示出来。另外，中山大道中比较有代表性的美术馆、水塔、民众乐园等，我们经过逐一的调研、分析，对其功能都进行了合理的置换。

Q3 长江与汉水“纵横”武汉城市，能否谈谈您对武汉城市滨水空间的看法？

武汉的滨水空间最有特点的地方除了江滩外，东湖绿道也是近几年比较有代表性的例子。东湖作为中国最大的城中湖，相较于杭州的西湖，很少被外人所知，但东湖也有其丰富的文化底蕴与神话传说，像李白、楚庄王、毛主席等历史人物都在东湖留下了自己的足迹，这一系列的历史文化近几年开始陆续被人关注与挖掘。2016年，东湖进行了整体绿道的打造，一期规划范围长28km，以后有希望逐渐达到100km。实际上，绿道把整个东湖环线打通，让原来的博物馆、会展建筑、植物园、武汉大学、东湖宾馆等独立的点，共同形成一个城市公共空间集群。环线的各大节点还设置了诸多与湖互动的滨湖空间，比如传统的亭台楼榭等。游人在这里锻炼休闲，也产生了许多交往空间。同时，这里还会定期举办多种文化体育活动，比如青年公共艺术雕塑展、滨湖马拉松比赛等。这一系列的规划与设计的主要目的就是为市民提供更多、更便捷的方式进入到城市公共空间中来，成为其真正的主人，真正把东湖变成城市客厅。

针对前几年沸沸扬扬的填湖事件，武汉专门设置了《武汉市湖泊保护条例》，引入媒体监督和市民的积极参与，一旦发现问题可以直接拨通市长热线，对这方面问题的处理无论在民间还是政府部门已经形成了一套发现、反馈、曝光、处理、事件回访的完备过程。

Q4 汉口老城区的空间品质逐步提升，能否谈谈您对旧城保护与城市发展的看法？

另外，池莉小说中描写的武汉最有代表性的城市街道吉庆街，是武汉本地吹拉弹唱等市井文化的名片。我们院很早前对其进行了规划设计工作，刚开始很受欢迎，但一段时间后由于大多数的城市功能慢慢室内化，人们的生活习惯方式发生了改变，原来市井的繁华一消失，人就少了，这条街就又萧条了。有意思的是，后面我们在做中山大道改造时，把原来几个点串成线，整个4.7km的中山大道有了丰富的业态支撑，交通上做到了合理的人车分流、公交优先，营造出区域范围内的慢生活街区，把吉庆街又涵盖进来，所以现在这条街又逐渐热闹起来。给我的感觉是，即使设计师最初的许多场景和空间设计都到位了，但没有研究它的容量、人们的行为方式与使用时间，没有充分的数据支撑，设计还是会有可能失败，建筑师应该从整个城市街道空间系统的层面去考虑，单一点的改造往往起到的作用很小，整个城市公共空间体系的优化与提升才是确保城市活力的关键。总的来说，影响一个街区活力的因素有很多，我们作为建筑师应该尽可能都关注到。

图1 / Figure 1 2017年9月25日，肖伟副院长在中信建筑设计研究总院接受采访Mr. XIAO Wei in Interview, September 25, 2017, CITIC General Institute of Architectural Design and Research Co., Ltd., Wuhan, China

来源：李宾 摄 Source: Photo by LI Bin

还有一个案例是汉口里。作为第十届（武汉）中国国际园林博览会东入口和主要的服务区，汉口里的设计理念在于唤起老汉口的“码头记忆”，通过提取荆楚建筑中多种形式的山墙组合，变化出丰富的天际线关系，在门窗、匾额、牌坊等细节上辅以古典的装饰图案，点缀西方现代建筑风格，这是对城市文脉和城市集体记忆的回应，使人们漫步其中找到乡愁。我们当时想找回那些已经毁坏但还遗存在人们记忆里或者历史印象中的老建筑，即所谓老汉口的印象，因此，我们以老汉口的地图为基础，提炼出其最具特色的老街区肌理，再以老街这条线去串接象征沿江商业重镇的汉口码头、会馆建筑、里分建筑、殖民建筑等有代表性的历史场所，通过一系列如蒙太奇拼贴的复原手法，让人既能感觉到建筑的历史符号，又能享受到武汉当地人的生活方式。当这一系列工作完成后，我们意识到其实我们是在做一个室外的城市历史建筑博物馆，就像一张名片，或者品牌文化，去吸引不同阶层的人来享受生活。我认为建筑师不仅是在做建筑设计，还需要思考你的“观众”到底需要什么、你能提供什么，具体的操作手法可以是怀旧的，但也可以面向未来，比如历史建筑将来可以怎么样被人们使用。

Q5 您认为武汉居民的生活习惯有何特性？这种特性对城市空间的形成和使用会产生什么影响？

从大的地理位置上来说，武汉作为长江中游重要的国家中心城市，可以说是南北交汇、东西贯通，两江交汇的地理位置决定武汉这座城市包容性很强，接受新的事物很快，比如说江滩公园改造，就是借鉴上海外滩改造的经验，虽然学习速度很快，但落成后总会带着一点“粗犷”感。我个人认为这种“粗犷”一定程度上也反映了这座城市的性格。另外，我印象最深的是武汉的饮食文化，比如蔡林记热干面、小桃园煨汤、大中华武昌鱼等。还有就是武汉市民的生活习惯，记忆中，在没有空调的时候，很多居民一到晚上就会到室外乘凉，武汉典型的民居形式叫里分，有点像上海里弄，你可以看到大多数的居民就在街上睡觉，支一张竹床就可以躺下纳凉。

Q6 作为中信建筑研究设计总院绿色建筑方面的负责人，您认为绿色建筑怎样在城市设计中发挥其积极的作用？

绿色建筑的应用，普遍分为两种，我个人倾向建筑师和规划师在最开始的阶段就应以适应当地气候、地形和地貌为目标，要考虑使用当地建筑材料来进行设计，而不是后期被动地适应国家或者地方层面的绿色建筑设计标准。简单来说，就是要在一开始就从城市的宏观层面来看待绿色建筑问题，而不是简单地为了达到绿色三星而做一些相关的技术工作。举个例子，园林博览会的另外一个项目—园林材料展示馆，前半部分是赫尔佐格按照绿色三星标准来设计的，我们这一部分是前一部分的连接体。首先，我们采用覆土建筑的方法，从地域文化出发，提取出湖北传统建筑空间的天斗，以满足整体建筑的功能需求，之后，再从整个建筑中考虑绿色建筑的技术。我们的出发点是适应地域的绿色建筑，而不是单纯为了“绿色”而“绿色”，这里面考虑了湖北的地域文化，也考虑了其具体布展的需求，并合理配置了采光井、导风墙，最后的实际使用效果是非常不错的。

不同人有不同的看法。就传统而言，我想说武汉关，它是在长江突出的地方做了一个镇江之宝，建筑本身用石材来做，作为殖民建筑是非常精致的，从建成100年后的现在来看，比例、尺度、施工做法都很经典。要说现代的话，我觉得是辛亥革命博物馆，体量、造型、材质、颜色、寓意等都与原有城市环境有很好的融合，并重新定义了从老总督府到紫阳公园这条轴线。此外，建筑自身做了半地下空间的消隐做法，同时V字的形式也反映出辛亥革命的精神，在具体材料上，运用了仿石材的红色混凝土GRE挂板，与原有总督府形成了色彩上的呼应。这两个建筑及其周边的历史场所空间我觉得最能代表武汉这座城市。

Q7 请您列举一例武汉最具特色的场所，并说明理由。

(4)信任计算模块。将策略决策模块分析的结果，连同用户使用反馈作为评估CSP信任值的依据，并计算其信任值。

FULL TEXTS TRANSLATED FROM CHINESE

选拔任用项目总体不仅要坚持“德才兼备”，还必须强调“以德为先”，这是一个十分鲜明的用人导向。由于总体岗位的重要性和特殊性，总体掌握设计变更的权力较大，插手项目建设的机会较多。工程技术人员，尤其是项目总体一定要保持高度警惕，增强廉洁自律意识，对党忠诚、对事业忠诚、对企业忠诚、对自己负责，以确保工程优良、人才优秀。

[U-TALK]

冬季阳性率37．69%，高于其他季节，冬春季阳性率37．42%（232／620）高于夏秋季31．79%（185／582）差异有统计学意义，P＜0．05）。

XIAO Wei·TALK about Wuhan City

[Interviewee]XIAO Wei

[Date]September 25, 2017

[Place]Wuhan, China

[Interviewer]LI Bin, LV Hui

[Translator]LI Bin, LV Hui (from Chinese to English)

Xiao Wei, professor level senior engineer, specializing in both research and practice of traditional Chinese architecture & culture and green building. He is currently the vice president of CITIC General Institute of Architectural Design and research Co., Ltd, member of Committee on Green & Sustainable Architecture of Architects Regional Council Asia(ARCASIA), member of Chinese Society for Urban Studies of Green Building and Energy Conservation Committee, specialist of Ministry of Housing and Urban-Rural Development Green Building Evaluation Committee, vice chairman of China Exploration &Design Association of Traditional Architecture, director of the Architectural Society of China, specialist of National Architecture Institute of China, senior member of Architectural Society of China, vice president of Institute of Chinese Architecture in Hubei, vice president of Hubei Construction Association of Towns and Villages,vice president of Wuhan Shared Heritage Research Institute. He also conducts a series of academic research including publications such as Research on Traditional Architectural Style of Chu, Technical Guidelines for Ecological Construction of Ecological Small Towns in Wuhan, the Expression and Inheritance of Regional Culture in the Hakka Cultural Landscape, etc.

Source: Provided by Mr. XIAO Wei.

Q1 Can you talk about the characteristics of Jingchu (Zhou Dynasty Chu state in the Jingzhou area of Hubei) architectural culture and its impact on urban space construction?

I am an undergraduate of the year of 1980 from Xi’an University of Architecture and Technology.During the year after graduation, I’d been working in Wuhan University of Science and Technology.Then I joined Wuhan Architectural Design Institute, which is now the CADI, wherefrom I started as an assistant architect till now. Before my work was mainly about architectural design practice, but later I found that if there is no theoretical research and cultural recognition, it is easy to follow suit,which is the so-called design bottlenecks. So the study on the traditional culture and regional architecture is sourced from the consciousness as a designer, of which Jingchu architecture culture is the key issue that we have always been concerned about. In this regard, we set up Hubei Provincial Historical Architecture Research Institute in 2013,comprising the architects, architectural institutions,the Academy of Social Sciences, major design institutes, historical building protection agencies,real estate developers and construction units of Hubei province. We build a platform that organizes activities on a regular basis every quarter to facilitate the exchange of architectural history and culture of Hubei, which can be either historical protection issues or architectural designs. At the same time, led by Hubei Provincial Housing Construction Office, joined by CADI, CSADI, Hubei Academy of Social Sciences, Wuhan University,Huazhong University of Science and Technology these five units, a number of systematic topics have been conducted to research Jingchu architectural culture, aesthetic mood, typical style features,etc. And related academic works were published.In addition, we also participated in the research of Ministry of Housing and Urban-Rural Development, such as the “Analysis and Inheritance of Chinese Traditional Architecture” hosted by Academician Kaicui, of which the Hubei volume is prepared by our Institute. Recently, we are doing another study on the Research on the Roof Construction of Traditional Chinese Dwellings.

Back to Jingchu architectural culture, strictly speaking, there is no Jingchu building still existing.Most of them are architectural sites, or retained in historical literature, such as Qu Yuan’s poetries. In addition, Chu’s historical relics such as phoenix,nine-head birds, chime, Qu, Drum with BirdFrame and Tiger’s Fee and a variety of decorations are also cultural symbols that Jingchu architecture can take reference from. Like the Zhanghua Palace of Chuling Emperor, the Panlong City with 3,500 years of history, the Jingzhou Jinan City, and so forth are all history sites. According to the site and historical data, we have derived some common things and summed up its 6 characteristics: high foundation, deep eaves, beautiful gable, clever structure, fine decoration, as well as red, yellow and black-the series of characteristics is also to adapt to the terrain and the environment, so as to rationally use the local crafts to build a suitable place for people to live. The most representative one is Jingzhou South City, currently, the excavated sites of which are 18km2. At that time the walls are rammed earth, which contains palace area, aristocratic residential area, markets and civilian residential area. Except the city walls and the gates are neat and square, the interior layout of the functional areas is free and random. Interestingly,the state of Chu did not pay much attention to the defensive function of the wall when they built the city, which developed slowly in the wars later on.In addition, we refined the humanistic spirit of Jingchu architecture into “grandness, compatibility,expressiveness, and agility”, and refined aesthetic conception as “solemn and romantic, magnificent and beautiful, gorgeous and quiet, natural and exquisite”. And how to integrate this kind of“Jingchu style” into the modern urban space construction, I personally think that it is necessary to reproduce the scene by simulating prototype,to embody the inner spirit of Jingchu, to adopt open and innovative techniques and to build green Jingchu architecture. At the same time, we are also actively compiling the guide of urban design features, such as “Jingchu” Architectural Style Design Guidelines (for Trial), with the intention of carrying out these common principles in the future of urban construction.

他就是柳州市柳南区食品药品监督管理局党组书记、局长朱晓仑。他组织破获了多起重大制售假劣药品、医疗器械案，积累了丰富的稽查工作经验，率先在全广西范围内组织编制一套《药品医疗器械行政执法案卷范本》。在稽查打假行动中，朱晓仑以高度警惕的态度和责任感，结合10多年的稽查工作经验，重视案源信息的捕捉和追根溯源，带领柳州市药品稽查人员与制假分子斗智斗勇，组织并参与查处了500多件药品、医疗器械违法案件，涉案货值2000多万元。

Q2 What do you think is the characteristics of urban public space in Wuhan and how do they play a role in the city?

The characteristic of Wuhan is the construction of the Republic of China in the last 100 years, and the most characteristic, the most well-preserved is the river beach area of Hankou, which is based on the former customs of Wuhan, such as the Jap-anese company, Citibank, Yokohama Bank, the representative of the firm building, the other is the financial circle supporting modern industrial buildings, such as Heping packing factory, And Heli ice rink and the original German consular area in the warehouse of the major companies. This series of architectures of the Republic of China constitute the history miniature of commercial, financial, and industrial buildings of Wuhan, especially along the Yangtze River. The treatment of these buildings has been focusing on the protection. We have also been studying in term of that, such as positively taking reference to the experience of Shanghai, Suzhou,Ningbo and other cities. We also regularly invite relevant experts such as professor Yishan Ruan and professor Qingchang from Tongji University, and professor Wenyi Zhu from Tsinghua University;they all put forward some valuable advices.

Different people have different views. As far as tradition is concerned, I would like to say Wuhan Guan, located in a protruding part of Yangtze River, is a treasure highlighting the entire river.The building was built with stone. As a colonial building, it is very exquisite. 100 years later after its built, the proportion, scale, and construction practices are still very classic. When it comes to modern sense, I think that The revolution of 1911 Museum’s volume, modelling, material, color,meaning and so on have properly merged with the original urban environment. And the axis from the old Governor mansion to Ziyang Park is redefined.In addition, the construction adopts the blank-off practice of semi-underground space, while the form of V also reflects the spirit of The revolution of 1911. Apart from that, stone-like red concrete GRE hanging boards are also used to echo with the color of the original Governor mansion. I think these two buildings and their surrounding historical space can mostly represent the city Wuhan.

Q3 Yangtze River and Han River run across Wuhan city vertically and horizontally. Can you talk about your view of Wuhan waterfront space?

Besides River Beach, the most characteristic places of Wuhan’s waterfront spaces also include East Lake Green Road, a good example in recent years.As the largest city lake in China, East Lake is seldom known by outsiders compared to the West Lake in Hangzhou. But the East Lake also has its rich cultural heritage, myths and legends, historical figures such as Li Bai, Chuzhuang Emperor, Chairman Mao and others all left their footprints in the East Lake. This part of historical and cultural prints began to be noticed and dug out in recent years.Just last year, East Lake constructed the project of Green Road. The planning range of the first stage is 28km, and it is expected to gradually reach 100km in the future. In fact, it is planned to connect the whole East Lake ring road through the form of Green Road, so that the original museums, exhibition buildings, botanical Gardens, Wuhan University, East Lake hotel and other independent points can form an urban public space cluster. The major nodes of the ring road also set up a lot of lake-side space interacting with the lake, such as traditional pavilions. Tourists can come here to do exercise or enjoy leisure time, which also produce a lot of communication space. At the same time,a variety of cultural and sports activities will be held, such as Youth Public Art Sculpture Exhibition, Lakeside Marathon, etc. The main purpose of this series of planning and design is to provide more and more convenient way for the public to enter the urban public space, so as to become its real owner and turn the East Lake into a city living room.

[地 点]武 汉 / [Place]Wuhan, China

随着社会的发展与技术的进步，每一栋建筑因其空间与功能不同，也决定了每一栋建筑都有固定的行业支持。因此建筑工人会根据应有的程序以及人员的分配，把不同的工作分配给不同的人员，合理安排人力物力，这样既使工作效率有明显提升，还对工作人员是一种磨练。因此，建筑工程的施工流动性也显而易见了。

Q4 The spatial quality of the old City of Hankou is gradually improved. What do you think about the protection of the old city and the urban development?

Recently, we have done a lot of historical buildings and organic renewal projects, such as the transformation of Zhongshan Revenue in Wuhan, which has 5 major blocks. There are relatively well-preserved excellent historical buildings cultural relics that are not removable. We try to maintain its original style, and re-comb the industry according to the contemporary people’s way of life. Not only to concern about the building itself, but also to pay attention to collaborating with the teams of planning, landscape, and interior design. We not only rely on our own team, but supported by international consulting, scientific quanti fication, and subsequent operation management teams. In addition,a platform to promote public participation has been built. In terms of the functional replacement of historical buildings, we can talk about the project that transforms Dafu Bank located in Zhongshan Avenue into a bookstore. This building’s story height is high. Although the interior function has changed,we demanded to not change the outside appearance. Interior space design is reversible. In the course of switching functions, the main construction shall not be harmed. And last but not the least,the representative parts of the building cannot be blocked but to show out. In addition, upon further research and analysis, we carried out reasonable replacement of the functions of the museum, water tower, People’s Park, and so forth.

不同金属离子对壳聚糖酶酶活性的影响，Mg2+，Ca2+，Zn2 +，Mn2+，K+，Na+和Cu2+等离子是该酶的激活剂，Fe2+，Hg2+，Co2+和Ag+等离子对该酶有强烈的抑制作用。例如Wang等在研究Serratia marcescens TKU011菌株中得出Mn2+，Cu2 +也可作为该酶的抑制剂。

Another case is Hankou. As the east entrance and main service area of the tenth session of (Wuhan)China International Garden Exposition, Hankou’s design idea is to arouse the “Wharf memory” of old Hankou. Through the extraction of a various forms of gable combination of Jingchu architectures, a wealth of skyline layout is recreated.Doors, windows, plaques, memorialarchway and other details are touched up with classical decorative patterns, as a response to the urban context and collective memory of the city, allowing people to wander among them to find homesickness. We wanted to get back to the old buildings that had been destroyed but still remained in the memory of the people or the impressions of history, that is, the so-called old Hankou’s impression, so we take the map of the old Hankou as the basis, refine its most characteristic old block texture, and then, with the line of the old street, connect the symbol of the riverside business town, including Hankou Pier, guild building, Lifen architectures, colonial architectures and other representative historical venues. Through a series of methods such as montage collage of the restoration, people cannot only feel the historical symbol of the building, but also enjoy the local life style of Wuhan. When this series of work is done, we realize that we are actually constructing an outdoor museum of urban history, which like a business card, or brand culture, can attract people of different classes to enjoy life. I think that architects are not merely doing architectural design,but also need to think about what your “audience”needs, and what you can provide. The specific modus operandi can be nostalgic, but also can face the future, such as how the historical building can be used by people in the future.

Q5 What do you think of the characteristics of living habits of Wuhan residents?What impact does this feature have on the formation and use of urban space?

与美方不同，在中方的报道中外部声源更多的是专家或者权威人士，尤其是国家领导人和社会精英，例如习近平主席、李克强总理、王毅部长以及合作国家的领导人。所有的引用都是为了支持“一带一路”倡议，尤其是外国专家和政府领导人一致认为“一带一路”倡议不仅为中国的发展带来新的机遇，同时也会极大地惠及沿路沿线国家，其结果是互利双赢的。虽然这一切无疑都是事实，也是中方提出“一带一路”倡议的初衷，但我们的新闻报道似乎也应适当考虑到一些不同的声音，提醒人们这一倡议在实施过程中可能会遇到的一些问题和障碍。

Q7 Please name one Wuhan’s most distinctive place, and explain the reasons.

Q6 As the director of the Green Building of CITIC Architectural Research and Design Institute, how do you think green building should play an active role in urban design?

The application of green building is generally divided into two kinds. I am personally inclined that architects and planners should aim at adapting to local climate, topography and geomorphology in the first stage. Consider to use the local building materials in the design, rather than passively adapt to the green architectural design standards of the national or local level. In short, it is to view the green building problem from the city’s macro level from the beginning, rather than simply to carry out some related technical work to achieve the certi ficate of the Leadership in Energy and Environmental Design. For example, another project of our garden exposition-the Garden Material Exhibition Hall, of which the first part is designed by Herzog in accordance with the Standard of LEED, and our part is the link of the previous part. First of all, we adopted the method of soil-cover construction, and from the regional culture, we extracted the Hubei traditional architectural crafts-Tiandou, so as to meet the functional needs of the whole building;and then from the perspective of the entire building, we consider the green building technology.Our starting point is to adapt to the local green buildings, rather than simply to gain the title of“green”. The subject took into account the regional culture of Hubei and the specific requirements of the exhibition. Coupled with the reasonable allocation of light wells and air-guiding walls, the final effect in actual use is pretty decent.

From the perspective of geographical location,Wuhan, as an important national center City in the middle reaches of the Yangtze River, is the intersection of north, south, east and west. The geographical location where two rivers meet destiny this city as a very inclusive city that can quickly accept new things, such as the River Beach Park Transformation is to learn from Shanghai Waitan transformation experience. Although the learning speed is rapid, after completion, it cannot shake off the sense of “roughness”. Personally, I think this kind of “roughness”, to some extent, also reflects the character of the city. In addition, I was most impressed by the food culture in Wuhan, such as Cai Lin Noodles, Small Taoyuan SimmeringStock,Great China Wuchang Fish, and so on. Another thing is the living habits of Wuhan residents. In my memory, where there is in absence of air-conditioning, many residents will go out to cool themselves off in the evening. The typical residential form of Wuhan is called Lifen, a bit like Shanghai’s Lane.You can see the majority locals choosing to sleep on the street, simply set up a bamboo bed, and enjoy the cool lying in.

In addition, Jiqing Street, described as the most representative city street in Wuhan in Li Chi’s novel, is the gathering venue where Wuhan’s local musicians and artists hanging out. Our institute started to plan and design very early on, which was very popular at the beginning, but after a period of time, because most of the city functions are slowly moving indoors, people’s lifestyle have changed,the original street-style prosperity have disappeared, people become less and less, and this street turns to be depressing. Interestingly, during the transformation of Zhongshan Avenue, the original several points were strung into lines. Thereby the entire 4.7 km Zhongshan Avenue has the support of rich industry forms. The traffic design reasonably organizes pedestrians and vehicles, and gives priority to buses, so as to create a regional area of slow-life block, covering Jiqing Street, so now the street is getting lively again. What I notice is that even though many of the designers’ initial scenes and space designs are in place, without studying its capacity and the way people behave and time usage, there is no sufficient data to support the design, so the design still could be a failure. The architect should consider from the angle of the space system of the whole city’s streets. The single-point’s transformation often plays a very small role. The optimization and promotion of the whole city’s public space system is the key to ensure the vitality of the city. In general, there are many factors that affect the vitality of a block, and we as architects should be as concerned as possible.