Opening Ceremony of the Eighth Beijing International Film Festival at Beijing Yanqi Lake International Convention Center

The glitz and glamor of the movie industry came to the Chinese capital on April 15-22, when the Eighth Beijing International Film Festival opened its creative doors. A total of 15 films made the cut from 659 hopeful works spanning 71 countries and regions, all in the hunt for the top 10 awards of 2018. Mariam Khatchvani walked away with the Best Director award for directing the film Dede,and Scary Mother produced in Georgia and Estonia won the Best Feature Film (see box on the page 54).

对于实验室安全方面的研究，国外研究较早且取得了一定的成效.例如，澳大利亚的阿德莱德大学，他们认为实验室事故频出的原因并非那么简单，要保障实验室安全，则需建立完整的安全管理体系，针对每个指标展开具体分析[2].美国的麻省理工学院，设立EHS总部为安全管理的实施机构，为各个实验室提供专业的技术支持和指导，包括人员培训、设备采购、实验室布局设计、废弃物处理服务等.牛津大学的实验室中，建立了相应的安全风险评估系统，通过检查实验过程，来判断是否存在危险因素，假如存在，则对风险及时做出评价分析，然后决定采取哪种方法进行规避，从而提高实验室的安全管理[3].

While much of the dazzle was centered on the film awards, box office figures clearly showed the rapid development of China’s film industry. According to statistics released at the film festival, in 2017, a total of 970 films were produced on the Chinese mainland, and the annual box office revenue reached 55.91 billion yuan ($8.9 billion), up 13.45 percent year on year. During 2017, the number of screens on the Chinese mainland increased by 9,597 to reach 50,776. In the process, China has become the world’s second largest film market.

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“The Chinese film market has recovered greatly in recent years. These figures indicate China’s remarkable rise in the film industry,” Gao Wei, Member of China Literature and Art Critics Association, told ChinAfrica.

She noted that she has witnessed the improvement of Chinese film quality in recent years, and the reason is “focusing on the contents and audience.”

Box office success

After the film Operation Red Sea premiered on the Chinese mainland on February 16,the Chinese traditional New Year, its box office revenue had maintained on a steady upward trajectory, reaching 2.5 billion yuan($396.8 million) that month. By the end of April, the revenue had exceeded 3.6 billion yuan ($571.4 million), proving to be a winner in the same vein as Wolf Warrior II,which has to date earned 5.68 billion yuan($901.6 million) after its premiere in 2017.Both films are military-themed.

Development of filmmaking technology is another engine driving the growth of the Chinese film market. In films such as Operation Red Sea and Wolf Warrior II,it is of great importance to have high-quality film props, advanced movie effects and post production in order to re flect the real scenes of war. When shooting Operation Red Sea for example, real guns and bullets were used to ensure the right effect. According to director Lin Chaoxian, the $100 million investment for the film production was mainly used in developing special effects and post production, with more than $30 million being spent on military equipment.

Gao’s comments are echoed by Johannes Rexson, Vice Chairman of European Producers’ Club. He noted that good films are about humanity and should touch people’s hearts. According to him, the technical aspects of films are important, but what attracts audiences more is the “how and what” aspects of stories.

Film stars walk the red carpet at the Opening Ceremony of the Eighth Beijing International Film Festival

Human story line

“Though China’s film industry has not been fully established worldwide, it is now on the right track of development as indicated by these numbers,” said Gao. “Good films need to tell human stories.”

The film depicts the real scenes from the combat zone in great detail. Yu Dong, President of Bona Film Group, producer of the film, worried that the brutal scenes of war in the film may upset audiences. But his fears soon proved to be unfounded. “We sent the film to the navy for examination,and they believe that the film re flects the real situation of the operation and could even encourage Chinese navy troops in future operations,” said Yu.

This can clearly be seen in Chinese film,Operation Red Sea, which was adapted from a real story of evacuating Chinese nationals from Yemen in 2015. It tells a story of the Chinese navy saving overseas Chinese nationals and fighting against terrorists.

“Actually, a factual story line, vivid scenes and the human touch are the major factors that make the film Operation Red Sea a great success,” said Huang Huilin, Vice Chairwoman of Beijing Literature and Art Critics Association. “[It is the same with the] film Wolf Warrior II.”

针对目前软件工程专业面向工程教育认证的需要，在构建课程体系时，结合了国家教育部发布的工程教育认证十二条毕业要求指标点，将工程教育认证的思想融入课程体系的设置中。课程体系中重要课程与工程教育认证的毕业要求关联关系结构如表1所示。

In addition, other films that debuted early this year, such as Detective Chinatown II,Monster Hunt II and The Ex-File: The Return of the Exes, as well as the films of 2017 such as Wolf Warrior II, Never Say Die and Youth,also made breakthroughs in box office revenue. Compared with the past when Hollywood blockbusters contributed to most of China’s box office earnings, but local films were greatly criticized, this situation is changing as Chinese audiences are now voting with their wallets. Statistics in the past 10 years from the real-time box office database website, China Box Office, show that between 2009 and 2011, U.S. films dominated the box office on the Chinese mainland. Since 2012, Chinese films have been occupying the top position, except for 2014,when the Transformers: Age of Extinction took the top honors. From January 2017 to April 2018, of the top five films in box office earnings, four were produced on the Chinese mainland.

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Moreover, the improvement of film projecting facilities in China attracts audiences to go to cinemas. By the end of 2017, China had 288 IMAX cinemas in operation in more than 140 cities, attracting an audience of more than 16 million people. At the same time, more than 6,000 sets of ALPD(Advanced Laser Phosphor Display) were installed in cinemas, accounting for 80 percent of the laser projection market.

Global audiences

Despite China’s film success, the majority of box office revenues are from domestic and overseas Chinese audiences. Experts point out that in future development, China should seek cooperation with countries and regions with sound filmmaking experience in order to promote its films to the international market so that Chinese films can be widely recognized. Cross-border cooperation and cross-culture creation of films were also a hot topic at the Sino-Foreign Film Co-production Forum of the Eighth Beijing International Film Festival at the Beijing International Hotel. According to U.S. film director Rob Minko ff, a good film should touch the innermost emotions of global audiences in terms of story selection and ways of articulation. He noted that though people from different countries have different cultures and different educational backgrounds, they have something in common deep in their hearts, and that something is their humanity. He cited the film Coco as an example of how a good film can go beyond cultural differences and touch the souls of all the viewers.

“The Chinese audiences love Coco. But few of them really understand Mexican culture. The film is about the death of a loved one. This is similar to Chinese traditional culture,” he explained. Wang Zhonglei,Co-Founder and CEO of Huayi Brothers Media Corp., a Chinese multinational entertainment company, noted that efforts should be made to break through the existing model of China-foreign cooperation in film production. “We need all-process cooperation with foreign countries, from story planning to film distribution, instead of just focusing on investment and contents,” he said. “We are still on the path of expanding the Chinese film industry, especially in the international market.” ca

Numbers and Growth of cinemas on chinese Mainland 2012-17

Numbers and Growth of screens on chinese Mainland 2012-17